The Payment Systems Regulator issues this policy statement to define the calculation and collection of 2015/16 regulatory fees for participants in regulated payment systems. It confirms the implementation of an indirect billing model where system operators act as collection agents to reduce regulatory burdens and keep fees outside VAT scope. Operators must issue invoices immediately, with PSPs required to pay their operators by 10 December 2015 and operators remitting funds to the PSR by 21 December 2015.