Circular No. 06/2026/TT-NHNN on Judicial Expertise in the Field of Currency, Banking Activities, and Foreign Exchange

STATE BANK OF VIETNAM SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence - Freedom - Happiness

No. 06/2026/TT-NHNN Hanoi, June 19, 2026

CIRCULAR REGULATING JUDICIAL EXPERTISE IN THE FIELD OF CURRENCY, BANKING ACTIVITIES, AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE

Pursuant to the Law on Organization of the National Assembly No. 46/2010/QH12; Pursuant to the Law on Issuance of Legal Documents; Pursuant to the Law on Organization of the Government No. 100/2015/QH13; Pursuant to the Law on Judicial Expertise No. 105/2025/QH15; Pursuant to the Law on Anti-Money Laundering No. 105/2025/QH15; Pursuant to Resolution No. 22/2020/NQ-CP on the division of responsibilities and tasks of ministries and ministerial-level agencies; At the proposal of the Deputy Minister of Justice; At the proposal of the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam;

The Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam issues this Circular regulating judicial expertise in the field of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange.

Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of Regulation This Circular regulates the list of judicial expertise in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange; standards for judicial experts and judicial experts by case; professional standards; procedures for receiving requests, conducting judicial expertise, and costs of judicial expertise; and policies in the operation of judicial expertise in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange (hereinafter referred to as "Judicial Experts by Case"); conditions for judicial expertise organizations by case; professional standards; procedures for receiving requests, conducting judicial expertise, and costs of judicial expertise; and policies in the operation of judicial expertise in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange.

Article 2. Subjects of Application

1. Officials, civil servants, and employees of the State Bank of Vietnam (hereinafter referred to as "the State Bank").
2. Units belonging to the organizational structure of the State Bank (hereinafter referred to as "Units under the State Bank"), including: The State Bank Inspectorate; Departments; State Bank branches in regions (hereinafter referred to as "Regional State Bank Branches"); and public service units directly subordinate to the State Bank.
3. Agencies, organizations, and individuals related to judicial expertise activities in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange.

Article 3. List of Judicial Expertise in the Fields of Currency, Banking Activities, and Foreign Exchange Judicial expertise in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange falls under the jurisdiction of the State Bank and includes:

1. Currency, including paper money and coins issued by the State Bank;
2. Banking activities, including transactions such as accepting deposits; lending; and providing payment services through accounts;
3. Foreign exchange activities and gold trading activities;
4. Money insurance;
5. Prevention and combating of money laundering.

Article 4. Appointment, Re-appointment, Dismissal, Replacement, and Information on Issuance, Re-issuance, and Withdrawal of Judicial Expert Certificates; Certification, Revocation of Certification, Replacement, and Information on Judicial Experts by Case, Judicial Expert Organizations by Case; Establishment of Judicial Expert Councils The Governor of the State Bank regulates:

1. Appointment, re-appointment, dismissal, replacement, and information on issuance, re-issuance, and withdrawal of judicial expert certificates for individuals working in units under the State Bank.
2. Certification, revocation of certification, replacement, and information on judicial experts by case for individuals working in units under the State Bank.
3. Certification, revocation of certification, replacement, and information on judicial expert organizations by case under the jurisdiction of the State Bank.
4. Establishment of Judicial Expert Councils.

Chapter II REGULATIONS ON ORGANIZATION

Section 1 REGULATIONS ON JUDICIAL EXPERTS AND JUDICIAL EXPERTS BY CASE IN BANKING ACTIVITIES AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE

Article 5. Standards for Judicial Experts and Judicial Experts by Case

1. Standards for Judicial Experts: a) Meet the standards specified at point a, clause 1, Article 10 of the Law on Judicial Expertise No. 105/2025/QH15 (hereinafter referred to as "the Law"); and do not fall into the cases specified in clause 3, Article 11 of the Law No. 105/2025/QH15; b) Hold a degree or higher in one of the following majors: finance-banking; accounting; economics; law; information technology; mechanics; printing technology; or chemical technology, trained by a Vietnamese educational institution in accordance with the law, or trained by a foreign institution and recognized for use in Vietnam; c) Have practiced or worked in the major for at least 05 years from the date of appointment to civil service, official status, or labor contract, compatible with the major of the judicial expert; d) Have undergone training in legal knowledge and judicial expertise practice in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange by authorized agencies, organizations, or certified institutions.
2. Standards for Judicial Experts by Case: a) Meet the standards specified at point a, clause 1, Article 13 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15 and do not fall into the cases specified in clause 5, Article 14 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15; b) Meet the standards specified at points b and c, clause 1, of this Article; c) In cases where individuals do not meet the standards at point a, clause 2, of this Article but have specialized knowledge, practical experience, and professional skills in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange, they may be considered and decided to be certified as judicial experts by case.

Article 6. Procedures for Appointment, Re-appointment, Dismissal, Replacement, and Information on Issuance, Re-issuance, and Withdrawal of Judicial Expert Certificates

1. Units under the State Bank shall propose appointment, re-appointment, dismissal, replacement, and information on issuance, re-issuance, and withdrawal of judicial expert certificates in accordance with the Government's detailed regulations on clause 8, Article 11 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15 and this Circular.
2. Appointment and Issuance of Judicial Expert Certificates: a) Units under the State Bank shall compile dossiers proposing appointment and issuance of judicial expert certificates sent to the Department of Civil Servant Affairs and the State Bank Inspectorate, including: A letter of proposal for appointment and issuance of judicial expert certificates from the Head of the unit where the proposed judicial expert works; A form proposing appointment and issuance of judicial expert certificates from the individual; A certified copy of the university diploma or higher with a major compatible with the proposed judicial expert's specialization; Confirmation of the duration of professional practice of the proposed judicial expert according to Appendix 01 issued with this Circular; A certified copy of the certificate of training in legal knowledge and judicial expertise practice; 02 passport-sized photos (2cm x 3cm) or a certified digital photo (2cm x 3cm), taken within 06 months prior to the proposal date; b) Within 05 working days from the date of receiving a complete dossier, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall submit to the Governor of the State Bank for consideration and decision on appointment and issuance of the judicial expert certificate, and assign the State Bank Inspectorate to implement the issuance. In case of rejection, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall notify the proposing unit and state the reasons; c) Within 03 working days from the date the Governor of the State Bank issues the decision on appointment and issuance of the judicial expert certificate, the State Bank Inspectorate shall implement the issuance of the judicial expert certificate in accordance with regulations.
3. Dismissal and Withdrawal of Judicial Expert Certificates: a) Units under the State Bank shall compile dossiers proposing dismissal and withdrawal of judicial expert certificates sent to the Department of Civil Servant Affairs and the State Bank Inspectorate, including: A letter of proposal for dismissal and withdrawal of judicial expert certificates from the Head of the unit where the judicial expert works; A form proposing dismissal and withdrawal of judicial expert certificates from the individual; Documents proving that the judicial expert falls into one of the cases specified in clause 4, Article 11 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15; b) Within 03 working days from the date of receiving a complete dossier, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall submit to the Governor of the State Bank for consideration and decision on dismissal and withdrawal of the judicial expert certificate, and assign the State Bank Inspectorate to withdraw the certificate; c) Within 02 working days from the date the Governor of the State Bank issues the decision on dismissal and withdrawal of the judicial expert certificate, the State Bank Inspectorate shall implement the withdrawal of the judicial expert certificate in accordance with regulations.
4. Re-appointment and Issuance of Judicial Expert Certificates: a) Units under the State Bank shall compile dossiers proposing re-appointment and issuance of judicial expert certificates sent to the Department of Civil Servant Affairs and the State Bank Inspectorate, including: A letter of proposal for re-appointment and issuance of judicial expert certificates from the Head of the unit where the proposed judicial expert works; A form proposing re-appointment and issuance of judicial expert certificates from the individual; Documents proving the reasons for re-appointment of the judicial expert as specified in clause 6, Article 11 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15; 02 passport-sized photos (2cm x 3cm) or a certified digital photo (2cm x 3cm), taken within 06 months prior to the proposal date; b) Procedures for re-appointment and issuance of judicial expert certificates shall be implemented according to points b and c, clause 2, of this Article.
5. Re-issuance of Judicial Expert Certificates: a) Units under the State Bank shall compile dossiers proposing re-issuance of judicial expert certificates in cases where the certificate is lost, damaged (torn, unreadable), and cannot be used, sent to the State Bank Inspectorate, including: A letter of proposal for re-issuance of judicial expert certificates from the Head of the unit where the judicial expert works; A form proposing re-issuance of judicial expert certificates from the individual; b) Within 03 working days from the date of receiving a complete dossier, the State Bank Inspectorate shall submit to the Governor of the State Bank for consideration and decision on re-issuance of the judicial expert certificate, and assign the State Bank Inspectorate to implement the re-issuance. In case of rejection, the State Bank Inspectorate shall notify the proposing unit and state the reasons; c) Within 02 working days from the date the Governor of the State Bank issues the decision on re-issuance of the judicial expert certificate, the State Bank Inspectorate shall implement the re-issuance of the judicial expert certificate in accordance with regulations; d) In cases of re-issuance due to changes and updates of information on the certificate, implementation shall follow the provisions at point d, Article 11 of this Circular.
6. Cases of Changes and Updates of Information Related to Judicial Experts Already Appointed: a) The Head of units under the State Bank shall send letters to the Department of Civil Servant Affairs proposing changes and updates of information for judicial experts already appointed; b) In cases where changes and updates of information for judicial experts do not require changes to the information recorded on the judicial expert certificate, within 05 working days from the date of receiving the letter of proposal from the Head of units under the State Bank, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall coordinate with the State Bank Inspectorate to update the list of judicial experts, submit to the Governor of the State Bank for approval of the list, send to the Ministry of Justice for posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the Ministry of Justice; simultaneously send letters to implement posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the State Bank, and send to the State Bank Inspectorate for monitoring; c) In cases where changes and updates of information for judicial experts require changes to the information recorded on the judicial expert certificate, within 05 working days from the date of receiving the letter of proposal from the Head of units under the State Bank, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall coordinate with the State Bank Inspectorate to update the list of judicial experts, submit to the Governor of the State Bank for approval of the list, consider and decide on re-issuance of the judicial expert certificate, and assign the State Bank Inspectorate to implement re-issuance of the judicial expert certificate, and send to the Ministry of Justice for posting in accordance with the provisions at point b, clause 6, of this Article. After the Governor of the State Bank approves the list of judicial experts, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall send letters to implement posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the State Bank, and send to the State Bank Inspectorate to implement re-issuance of the certificate. Within 02 working days from the date the Governor of the State Bank issues the decision on re-issuance of the judicial expert certificate, the State Bank Inspectorate shall implement re-issuance of the judicial expert certificate in accordance with regulations.
7. Within 03 working days from the date of decisions on appointment, re-appointment, dismissal, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall compile the list of judicial experts, update the list of judicial experts, submit to the Governor of the State Bank for approval of the list, send to the Ministry of Justice for posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the Ministry of Justice, and send letters to implement posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the State Bank, and send to the State Bank Inspectorate for monitoring. From the date the decision on dismissal by the Governor of the State Bank takes effect, the judicial expert certificate becomes invalid.
8. Dossiers for proposals for appointment, re-appointment, dismissal, replacement, and updates of information, issuance, re-issuance, and withdrawal of judicial expert certificates shall be compiled in Vietnamese. Units receiving dossiers have the responsibility to proactively exploit information and data available on the National Data Base, Specialized Data Base, and information systems according to legal regulations, replacing prescribed dossier components with copies. In cases where information is not properly exploited or the exploited information is incomplete or inaccurate, the proposing unit for appointment, re-appointment of judicial experts shall be required to supplement dossier components for consideration of appointment, re-appointment in accordance with regulations. Copies of documents, letters, and translations of documents from foreign languages into Vietnamese in the dossier must be certified copies or copies issued with original numbers according to legal regulations. In cases where documents are copies that are not certified copies or copies issued with original numbers, the person compiling the dossier must present the original for comparison when submitting the dossier; the person comparing must sign and confirm the copy and bear responsibility for the accuracy of the copy compared to the original.

Article 7. Procedures for Certification, Revocation of Certification, Replacement, and Information on Judicial Experts by Case

1. Before October 31 of each year, the Head of units under the State Bank shall review, select, and compile lists of individuals meeting the standards specified in clause 2, Article 5 of this Circular and regulations of the Government detailing clause 8, Article 14 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15, compile dossiers, and send to the Department of Civil Servant Affairs to submit to the Governor of the State Bank for consideration and decision on certification of judicial experts by case. Dossiers include: A letter of proposal for certification of judicial experts by case from the Head of units under the State Bank where the proposed individual works; A form proposing certification of judicial experts by case from the individual; A certified copy of the university diploma or higher with a major compatible with the specialization proposed for certification of the judicial expert by case; Confirmation of the duration of professional practice of the proposed individual for certification of the judicial expert by case according to Appendix 01 issued with this Circular. Dossiers for proposals for certification of judicial experts by case shall be compiled in Vietnamese. Units receiving dossiers have the responsibility to proactively exploit information and data available on the National Data Base, Specialized Data Base, and information systems according to legal regulations, replacing prescribed dossier components with copies. In cases where information is not properly exploited or the exploited information is incomplete or inaccurate, the proposing unit for certification of judicial experts by case shall be required to supplement dossier components for consideration of certification of judicial experts by case in accordance with regulations. Copies of documents, letters, and translations of documents from foreign languages into Vietnamese in the dossier must be certified copies or copies issued with original numbers according to legal regulations. In cases where documents are copies that are not certified copies or copies issued with original numbers, the person compiling the dossier must present the original for comparison when submitting the dossier; the person comparing must sign and confirm the copy and bear responsibility for the accuracy of the copy compared to the original.
2. Within 08 working days from the date of receiving a complete dossier, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall submit to the Governor of the State Bank for consideration and decision on certification of judicial experts by case. In case of rejection, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall notify the proposing unit and state the reasons.
3. Within 05 working days from the date of receiving the decision on certification specified in clause 2, Article 7, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall compile lists of judicial experts by case of units under the State Bank, submit to the Governor of the State Bank for approval of the list, send to the Ministry of Justice for posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the Ministry of Justice, and simultaneously send letters to implement posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the State Bank, and send to the State Bank Inspectorate for monitoring.
4. Cases of Changes and Updates of Information Related to Judicial Experts by Case Already Certified: a) The Head of units under the State Bank shall send letters to the Department of Civil Servant Affairs proposing changes and updates of information for judicial experts by case already certified; b) Within 05 working days from the date of receiving the letter of proposal from the Head of units under the State Bank, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall update the list of judicial experts by case, submit to the Governor of the State Bank for approval of the list, send to the Ministry of Justice for posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the Ministry of Justice, and simultaneously send letters to implement posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the State Bank, and send to the State Bank Inspectorate for monitoring.
5. Revocation of Certification of Judicial Experts by Case: In cases of revocation of certification or according to the request of the individual specified in clause 6, clause 7, Article 14 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15: a) The Head of units under the State Bank shall send letters to the Department of Civil Servant Affairs to submit to the Governor of the State Bank for consideration and decision on revocation of certification of judicial experts by case. Dossiers include: A letter of proposal for revocation of certification of judicial experts by case from the Head of units under the State Bank where the judicial expert by case works; A form proposing revocation of certification of judicial experts by case from the individual. Within 05 working days from the date of receiving a complete dossier, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall aggregate, submit to the Governor of the State Bank for consideration and decision on revocation of certification of judicial experts by case under jurisdiction; b) Within 05 working days from the date of receiving the decision on revocation of certification of judicial experts by case, the Department of Civil Servant Affairs shall compile lists of judicial experts by case, submit to the Governor of the State Bank for approval of the list, send to the Ministry of Justice for posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the Ministry of Justice, and simultaneously send letters to implement posting on the Electronic Information Portal of the State Bank, and send to the State Bank Inspectorate for monitoring.

Section 2 CONDITIONS FOR JUDICIAL EXPERT ORGANIZATIONS IN THE FIELDS OF CURRENCY, BANKING ACTIVITIES, AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE

Article 8. Conditions for Judicial Expert Organizations by Case Judicial expert organizations by case in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange are organizations that meet the conditions specified in clause 1, Article 18 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15.

Section 3 PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS, PROCEDURES FOR RECEIVING REQUESTS, CONDUCTING JUDICIAL EXPERTISE IN THE FIELDS OF CURRENCY, BANKING ACTIVITIES, AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE

Article 9. Professional Standards in Judicial Expertise Activities in the Fields of Currency, Banking Activities, and Foreign Exchange Professional standards applied in judicial expertise activities in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange are legal normative documents on currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange, and other legal normative documents related.

Article 10. Receiving Requests for Judicial Expertise from the State Bank

1. Regional State Bank Branches shall receive decisions requesting judicial expertise from individuals requesting judicial expertise in accordance with clause 1, Article 28 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15, except for cases specified in clause 3, clause 4, clause 5, of this Article. Within 05 working days from the date of receiving the decision requesting judicial expertise from the individual requesting judicial expertise, Regional State Bank Branches have the responsibility to check and review the content of the request for judicial expertise against the list of judicial expertise, professional standards in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange specified in Article 3, Article 9 of this Circular, and may notify by letter the individual requesting judicial expertise regarding acceptance or refusal to conduct expertise. In case of direct refusal to conduct judicial expertise, reasons must be stated in cases specified in Article 38 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15.
2. The State Bank Inspectorate shall receive decisions requesting judicial expertise from individuals requesting judicial expertise in accordance with clause 2, Article 28 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15. The State Bank Inspectorate has the responsibility to: a) Check and review the content of the request for judicial expertise against the list of judicial expertise, professional standards in the fields of currency, banking activities, and foreign exchange specified in Article 3, Article 9 of this Circular; b) Within 05 working days from the date of receiving the decision requesting judicial expertise from the individual requesting judicial expertise, consult, submit to the Governor of the State Bank to assign units under the State Bank to conduct expertise, and may notify the individual requesting judicial expertise regarding acceptance or refusal to conduct expertise, in cases specified in point c, clause 2, of this Article; c) In cases where the content of the request for judicial expertise is related to many units under the State Bank, within 05 working days from the date of receiving the decision requesting judicial expertise from the individual requesting judicial expertise, the State Bank Inspectorate must consult with relevant units, submit to the Governor of the State Bank to determine the content requiring expertise to assign the managing unit, cooperating units to conduct expertise, and notify the individual requesting judicial expertise regarding acceptance or refusal to conduct expertise; d) In case of refusal to conduct judicial expertise, reasons must be stated in cases specified in Article 38 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15.
3. In cases of receiving requests for judicial expertise as specified in clause 1, Article 33 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15, the State Bank Inspectorate shall consult, select members, and send to the Department of Civil Servant Affairs to submit to the Governor of the State Bank to establish Judicial Expert Councils to conduct expertise.
4. In cases where decisions requesting judicial expertise from individuals requesting judicial expertise are managed according to clause 4, Article 28 of Law No. 105/2025/QH15, within 03 working days from the date of receiving the decision requesting judicial expertise, the State Bank Inspectorate shall consult, submit to the Governor of the State Bank to assign units under the State Bank to manage and conduct expertise. Within 05 working days from the date of receiving letters from organizations of judicial experts, cooperating units under the State Bank assigned to manage shall consult, submit to the Governor of the State Bank to notify by letter the individual requesting judicial expertise...