2025-09-11
The Reserve Bank of New Zealand regulates financial market infrastructures to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the national financial system. The document defines four primary types of FMIs—payment systems, securities settlement systems, central securities depositories, and central counterparties—and lists specific designated entities such as ESAS, NZClear, and CLS. Operators are required to maintain clear rules, reliable technology, and robust risk management processes to prevent defaults and maintain economic stability.