Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions

[unofficial translation]
Pursuant to Article 44 paragraph 2 item 3 of the Central Bank of Montenegro Law (OGM 40/10, 06/13, 70/17, 125/23) and Article 117 of the Law on Credit Institutions (OGM 72/19, 8/21), the Council of the Central Bank of Montenegro, at its meeting held on 26 June 2024, passed the following DECISION AMENDING THE DECISION ON MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR RISK MANAGEMENT IN CREDIT INSTITUTIONS
Article 1
In the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 134/21) in Article 3 item 29) shall be amended to read:
“29) option risk means the risk that arises from options (embedded and explicit), where the credit institution or its customer can alter the level and timing of their cash flows, or the risk arising from interest rate sensitive instruments where the holder will almost certainly exercise the option if it is in their financial interest to do so (embedded or explicit automatic options) and the risk arising from flexibility embedded implicitly or within the terms of interest rate sensitive instruments, such that changes in interest rates may affect a change in the behaviour of the client (embedded behavioural option risk);”. After item 29) seventeen new items shall be added, worded as follows:
“30) interest rate sensitive instruments mean assets, liabilities and off-balance-sheet items in the non-trading book, which are sensitive to credit spread changes (excluding assets deducted from CET1 capital – e.g., real estate or intangible assets or equity exposures in the non-trading book);
31) net interest income measures mean measures of changes in expected future
profitability within a given time horizon resulting from interest rate movements, in case of IRRBB; or from credit spread changes, in case of CSRBB. It encompasses interest income and interest expenses;
32) net interest income measures plus market value changes mean net interest
income measures after the market value changes of instruments have been accounted for/taken into account depending on accounting treatment through fair value measures;
33) economic value (EV) measures mean measures of changes in the net present value
of interest rate sensitive instruments over their remaining life resulting from interest rate movements, in case of IRRBB; or of changes in the net present value of instruments sensitive to credit spread changes over their remaining life resulting from credit spread movement, in case of CSRBB. Economic value measures reflect changes in value over the remaining life of the interest rate sensitive instruments, in case of IRRBB, or of the credit spread risk sensitive instruments, in case of CSRBB

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 2 – i.e., until all positions have run off;
34) economic value of equity (EVE) measures mean a specific form of economic value
measure where equity is excluded from the cash flows;
35) conditional cash flow modelling means cash flow modelling under the assumption
that the timing or amount of cash flows is dependent on the specific interest rate scenario;
36) unconditional cash flow modelling means cash flow modelling under the
assumption that the timing and amount of cash flows is independent of the specific interest rate scenario;
37) run-off balance sheet means a balance sheet including on- and off-balance-sheet
items where existing non-trading book positions amortise and are not replaced by any new business;
38) dynamic balance sheet means a balance sheet including on- and off-balance-sheet
items incorporating future business expectations, adjusted for the relevant scenario in a consistent manner;
39) constant balance sheet means a balance sheet including on- and off-balance-sheet
items in which the total size and composition are maintained by replacing maturing or repricing cash flows with new cash flows that have comparable features with regard to the amount, repricing period and spread components;
40) retail deposit shall have a meaning laid down in the regulation governing liquidity
risk management in credit institutions;
41) transactional deposit and accounts mean non-maturity deposits where regular
transactions are carried out (e.g., where salaries are regularly credited) or those retail non-maturity deposits which are non-interest bearing even in a high interest rate environment;
42) other retail deposits mean deposits held in a non-transactional account;
43) IRRBB measures mean economic value measures and net interest income
measures plus market value changes, applied in the context of the sensitivity to changes in the interest rates;
44) credit spread sensitive instruments mean assets, liabilities and off-balance-sheet
items in the non-trading book, which are sensitive to credit spread changes (excluding assets deducted from CET1 capital – e.g., real estate or intangible assets or equity exposures in the non-trading book);
45) CSRBB measures mean economic value measures and net interest income
measures plus market value changes, applied in the context of the sensitivity to changes in market credit/liquidity spreads;
46) material currency for the purposes of the IRRBB means a currency where the
accounting value of financial assets or liabilities denominated in a currency amounts to 5% or more of the total non-trading book financial assets or liabilities “.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 3
Article 2
In Chapter VI. MANAGEMENT OF THE INTEREST RATE RISK ARISING FROM NONTRADING BOOK ACTIVITIES, a title of the sub-chapter shall be added, worded as follows:
“6.1. Identification and management of IRRBB.“
Article 3
Articles 62 and 63 shall be amended to read:
“Management of IRRBB
Article 62
(1) A credit institution shall implement internal systems, use standardised approach or simplified standardised approach for identifying, evaluating, managing and mitigating risks arising from potential changes in interest rates that affect both the economic value of equity and the net interest income of non-trading book activities (hereinafter: the IRRBB). (2) A credit institution shall identify its existing and prospective exposures to IRRBB in a proportionate manner, depending on the level, complexity and riskiness of its non-trading book positions, taking into account its business model, its strategy and the business environment it operates in or intends to operate in. (3) When calculating the effects of interest rate movement from the income perspective, a credit institution shall, in addition to the effects on interest income and expenses, consider effects of the market value changes of instruments, depending on accounting treatment (fair value) shown in the profit and loss account or directly in equity (via other comprehensive income), and it shall also take into account the increase or reduction in the amount of profit and losses and capital over short- and medium-term horizons resulting from interest rate movements. (4) The change in income referred to in paragraph (3) of this Article shall be the difference between the expected income under base scenario and the expected income under alternative scenario, which shall include either adverse shock or stress scenario from a going-concern perspective. (5) The change in net interest income should be the difference between the expected net interest income under a shock or stress scenario from a going-concern perspective and the expected net interest income under a base scenario. (6) The change in the market value of instruments (fair value) should be the difference between the expected market value under a shock or stress scenario from a goingconcern perspective and the expected market value under a base scenario at the end of the assessed horizon. (7) A credit institution must consider all interest rate sensitive instruments in the banking

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 4 book in the context of the assessment and management of exposures to IRRBB, including assets, liabilities, interest rate derivatives, non-interest rate derivatives referencing an interest rate and other off-balance sheet items (such as loan commitments). (8) When identifying interest rate sensitive instruments, a credit institution should consider non-performing exposures (net of provisions) as interest rate sensitive instruments reflecting expected cash flows and their timing. (9) Non-performing exposures referred to in paragraph (2) of this Article shall be exposures which are identified as non-performing loans in accordance with the regulation governing asset classification and calculation of provisions for potential losses of credit institutions. (10) A credit institution shall fully integrate a supervisory outlier test into its internal framework for the management of IRRBB and use it as a complementary tool for measuring exposures to IRRBB. (11) A parent credit institution in Montenegro shall ensure that the internal governance systems and processes for managing IRRBB consistent and well-integrated on a consolidated basis. Overall strategy for managing IRRBB
Article 63
(1) The IRRBB strategy of the credit institution, including the risk appetite for IRRBB and IRRBB mitigation, should be part of the overall strategy, in particular the strategic objectives and risk objectives (2) The overall IRRBB strategy should also include the decision about the extent to which the business model relies on generating net interest income by ‘riding the yield curve’ – i.e., funding assets with a comparatively long repricing period with liabilities with a comparatively short repricing period. Where the business model relies heavily on this source of net interest income, the management body should explain its IRRBB strategy and how it plans to survive periods of flat or inverse yield curves. (3) A credit institution using derivative financial instruments to mitigate IRRBB exposures should possess the necessary knowledge and expertise to demonstrate that it understands the consequences of mitigation with interest rate derivatives. (4) A credit institution using models of customer behaviour as input for the measurement of their IRRBB should possess the necessary knowledge and expertise. Each institution should be able to demonstrate that it understands the consequences of modelling the behaviour of its customer base. (5) When making decisions on hedging activities, a credit institutions should be aware of the effects of accounting policies, but the accounting treatment should not drive their

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 5 risk management approach. (6) A credit institution responsible for consolidation shall ensure that internal governance arrangements and processes for the management of IRRBB are consistent and wellintegrated on a consolidated and a sub-consolidated basis.”
Article 4
In Article 65 after paragraph (2) two new paragraphs shall be added, worded as follows:
“(3) A credit institution may also, depending its business model, identify sub-limits for individual business units, portfolios, instrument types, specific instruments or material sub-types of IRRBB risk such as gap risk, basis risk and option risk. (4) Limits may be associated with specific scenarios of changes in interest rates and term structures, such as their increase or decrease or a change in shape of the yield curve; the interest rate movements used in developing these limits should represent sufficiently adverse shock and stress situations, taking into account historical interest rate volatility and the time required by management to mitigate those risk exposures.“.
Article 5
In Article 66 paragraph (2) item 2) the Montenegrin words translated as “assets” shall be replaced by other Montenegrin words, with no relevance to the English translation. In item 3) the words: “earnings risk” shall be replaced by the following: “net interest income measures plus market value changes”. In item 11) the words: “assets or liabilities” shall be replaced by the following: “assets and liabilities”.
Article 6
In Article 67 after paragraph (1) a new paragraph shall be added, worded as follows:
“(2) A credit institution shall undertake regular reviews and evaluations of their internal control systems and risk management processes, seeking assurance that employees comply with established policies and procedures. Such reviews should also address any significant changes that may affect the effectiveness of controls, including changes in market conditions, personnel, technology and structures of compliance with exposure limits, and ensure that there are appropriate escalation procedures for any exceeded limits.” Current paragraph (2) shall become paragraph (3).
Article 7
In Article 68 paragraph (2) item 4 shall be amended to read:
„4) calculation of IRRBB measures, as well as other IRRBB measures based on interest

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 6 rate shock and stress scenarios;“. Item 5) shall be deleted. Current items 6) and 7) shall become items 5) and 6). Paragraphs (3) and (4) shall be deleted. Current paragraphs (5) to (8) shall become paragraphs (3) to (8).
Article 8
In Article 69 paragraph (3) items 4) and 5) shall be amended to read:
“4) details of the impact of key modelling assumptions on the measurement of IRRBB, including changes in assumptions under various interest rate scenarios; (5) details of the impact of interest rate derivatives on the measurement of IRRBB;“. In item 7) the words: “Article 78” shall be replaced by the following: “Article 78nj”.
Article 9
After Article 70 a title of the new sub-chapter shall be added, worded as follows:
“6.2. IRRBB measurement using internal system of credit institution“.
Article 10
Articles 71 and 72 shall be amended to read:
“Overall approach for measuring IRRBB
Article 71
(1) A credit institution applying internal systems for measuring IRRBB shall implement them in accordance with the requirements referred to in this Decision, taking into account the principle of proportionality. (2) A credit institution using internal systems for measuring IRRBB should take into consideration methods listed in Annex 1a of this Decision, but it should not limit to them in order to ensure that the material aspects of the IRRBB have been adequately captured. (3) A credit institution shall implement reliable internal measurement systems that capture all components and sources of IRRBB which are relevant for the credit institution's business model. (4) A credit institution shall measure and monitor its exposure to IRRBB in terms of

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 7 potential changes to both economic value and net interest income measures plus market value changes, in particular:

the overall impact of key modelling assumptions on the measurement of IRRBB
under various IRRBB measures; and
the IRRBB of their interest rate derivatives arising from non-trading activities,
where relevant for the business model.
(5) A credit institution may exclude from the calculation of economic value commercial margins and other spread components, whereat it shall use:
a transparent methodology for identifying the risk-free rate at inception of each
instrument; and
a methodology that is applied consistently across all interest rate sensitive
instruments and all business units.
(6) Where a credit institution, when calculating economic value, excludes commercial margins and other spread components, it shall use:
a transparent methodology for identifying the risk-free rate at inception of each
instrument; and
a methodology that is applied consistently across all interest rate sensitive
instruments and all business units.
(7) When calculating net interest income measures, a credit institution shall include commercial margins. (8) A credit institution shall include non-performing exposures (net of provisions) as interest rate sensitive instruments reflecting expected cash flows and their timing. (9) When measuring its exposure to IRRBB, a credit institution shall use its own assumptions and calculation methods, and it cannot rely purely on the calculation and outcomes of the supervisory outlier tests as referred to in Article 78nj of this Decision. Methods for measuring IRRBB
Article 72
(1) A credit institution shall, depending on its size and complexity of its operations, use a range of quantitative tools and models that corresponds to its risk exposure to address capture in adequate manner various aspects of interest rate risk. (2) A credit institution must fully understand the limitations of each quantitative tool and model used and take into consideration these limitations in the IRRBB risk management. (3) A credit institution shall identify and measure all components of the IRRBB, taking into account at least the following methods:
for gap risk:
− gap analysis that focuses on identifying the volume of mismatches in different time bands;

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 8 − partial duration for yield curve risk, which focuses on the dispersion and concentration of mismatches in different time bands;
2) for basis risk, monitoring of groups of instruments by using different interest rates,
focusing on the use of derivatives and other hedging instruments in terms of different bases, convexity and timing difference neglected by gap analysis;
3) for option risk, monitoring of all instruments with embedded or explicit options,
whereat in respect of behavioural options, the focus is on the volume of mortgages, current accounts, savings and deposits where the customer has the option to deviate from the contractual maturity; the volume of commitments with interest rate sensitive customer drawings, while with regard to automatic interest rate options, the focus is on caps and floors embedded in assets and liabilities; swaptions or prepayment options embedded in wholesale assets and liabilities; and explicit caps, floors and swaptions. (4) For measuring and monitoring of IRRBB, a credit institution shall use at least one net interest income measure plus market value changes and at least one economic value measurement method that, in combination, capture all components of IRRBB. (5) A credit institution must, in IRRBB assessment, be aware of risks that may arise as a result of accounting treatment of transactions arising from non-trading book activities. (6) A credit institution with complex or sophisticated business models shall use multiple measurement methods.“
Article 11
In Article 73 paragraph (4) the Montenegrin words translated as “currency-specific” shall be replaced by other Montenegrin words, with no relevance to the English translation. In paragraph (5) item 3) the words: “ referred to in Article 52 paragraph (3)” shall be replaced by the following: “referred to in Article 78nj“. In item 3) a full stop at the end of the sentence shall be replaced by semi-colon and a new item shall be added, worded as follows:
“4) whether the validity of diversification assumption is appropriately addressed.”.
Article 12
In Article 74 paragraph (2) item 1) shall be amended to read:
“1) identify interest rate scenarios that could severely threaten capital, economic value and net interest income plus market value changes; and”.
Article 13
In Article 75 paragraph (2) item 6) alterations were made in Montenegrin language with no relevance to the English translation.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 9 In item 6) a full stop at the end of the sentence shall be replaced by semi-colon and a new item shall be added, worded as follows:
“7) validity of diversification assumption.”.
Article 14
Article 77 shall be amended to read:
“Behavioural assumptions for customer accounts without specific repricing dates
Article 77
(1) In defining behavioural modelling assumptions, a credit institution shall not take into consideration non-maturity deposit of financial customers, unless they are operational deposits held for obtaining settlement service, custody, cash management or other similar services of a credit institution in the context of stable operational relationship. (2) A credit institution should, when modelling repricing date of retail deposits, wholesale deposits and operational deposits that are non-maturity deposits (NMDs), constrain that date to a maximum weighted average repricing date of 5 years, and that cap shall apply to the full amount of the aggregate portfolio of these deposits and separately for each currency.. (3) When making behavioural assumptions about accounts without specific repricing dates for the purposes of interest rate risk management, a credit institution shall:

be able to identify ‘core’ balances, i.e. deposits that are stable and unlikely to
reprice even under significant changes and/or other deposits whose limited elasticity to interest rate changes could be modelled;
enable that modelling assumptions for these deposits reflect depositor
characteristics (e.g. retail/wholesale) and account characteristics (e.g. transactional/non-transactional), in the manner that:

retail transactional deposits include accounts whose remuneration component
is not relevant in the client’s decision to hold money in the account;
retail non-transactional deposits include retail accounts whose remuneration
component is relevant in the client’s decision to hold money in the account.
wholesale deposits include accounts from corporate and other wholesale
clients, excluding interbank accounts or other fully price-sensitive ones;

assess the potential migration between deposits without specific repricing dates
and other deposits that could modify, under different interest rate scenarios, key behavioural modelling assumptions;
consider potential constraints on the repricing of retail deposits in low or negative
interest rate environments;
ensure that assumptions about the decay of core and other modelled balances are
prudent and appropriate in balancing the benefits to earnings against the additional economic value risk entailed in locking in a future interest rate return on the assets financed by these balances, and the potential forgone revenue under a rising interest rate environment.

where on individual basis, the methods used do not cover all material components
of the interest rate risk (gap risk, basis risk, option risk), and/or measures do not capture in a robust manner all material dimensions of risks for significant assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet type instruments (e.g., non-maturity deposits, loans, options) of the bank’s non-trading book;
where all relevant parameters of internal system are not calibrated, back-tested
and reviewed on an appropriate frequency and supported by documentation that considers the nature, scale and complexity of the IRRBB inherent in the business model and the credit institution’s activity. (3) Small and non-complex credit institution shall apply standardised approach for IRRBB assessment where the Central Bank evaluates that the simplified standardised approach is not appropriate to capture all components of the IRRBB.

interest rate derivatives;
non-interest rate derivatives for which the cash flows are determined in total or in
part, by referencing an interest rate;
pension obligations and pension plan assets except where their interest rate risk
is captured in another risk measure;
interest rate-sensitive assets, other than those referred to in items 1) to 3) of this
paragraph which are not deducted from Common Equity Tier 1 capital;
interest rate-sensitive liabilities other than those referred to in items 1) to 3) of this
paragraph and other than Common Equity Tier 1 and other perpetual instruments without any call dates, including non-remunerated deposits;
interest rate sensitive off-balance sheet items other than those referred to in items
to 3) of this paragraph; and
small trading book positions referred to in Article 103 of the Decision on Capital
Adequacy of Credit Institutions, except where their interest rate risk is captured in another risk measure. (5) Material position referred to in paragraph (4) of this Article means position whose accounting value of assets or liabilities denominated in a currency amounts to at least 5% of the total non-trading book financial assets or liabilities, or to less than 5% where the sum of financial assets or liabilities included in the calculation is lower than 90% of the total non-trading book financial assets (excluding tangible assets) or liabilities. (6) The net interest income shall be calculated at a minimum on a time horizon of one year. (7) The remaining time up to the end of a net interest income horizon shall be the net interest rate horizon minus the relevant repricing mid points of the buckets referred to in
Annex 1b item 1 of this Decision.
(8) A credit institution shall classify shock scenarios into one of the following types:
parallel shock, of which:
− a shock of increased interest rates in parallel across all maturities; − a shock of decreased interest rates in parallel across all maturities;
a shock involving rotations to the term structure, of which:
− with a decrease of the interest rate at long-term maturities and increase of the interest rate at short-term maturities, leading to a flattening of the interest rate curve; − with an increase of the interest rate at long-term maturities and decrease of the interest rate at short-term maturities, leading to a steepening of the interest rate curve;

indent 1, item 2) indent 2 and item 3) indent 1 of this Article shall be referred to as
shocks prescribing an increase of interest rates, and the shock types in item 1) indent 2, item 2) indent 1 and item 3) indent 2 of this Article shall be referred to as shocks prescribing a decrease of interest rates.“
Article 17
After Article 78 eight new sub-chapters and twenty-five new Articles shall be added, worded as follows:
„6.4. Allocation of repricing cashflows under standardised approach for the calculation of credit institution’s economic value of equity General requirement for allocating repricing cash flows
Article 78a
(1) A credit institution shall slot by repricing date, currency and type of shock scenario the notional repricing cash flows of their positions into the repricing time buckets laid down in Annex 1b item 1 of this Decision as follows:
for fixed instruments by repricing date, following any deduction applied in
accordance with paragraph (2) and (3) of this Article, to the relevant time bucket referred to Annex 1b item 1 of this Decision;
for floating rate instruments repricing date into the relevant repricing time buckets,
as follows:
− cash flows deriving from interest payments other than payments of the spread component up to the next repricing date, as per the contractual agreement. − the remaining principal amount, as per the contractual agreement. − spread components up to the final contractual maturity irrespective of any repricing of the non-amortised principal, except where they are excluded according to paragraphs (2) and (3) of this Article.
for non-maturity deposits in accordance with Article 78b of this Decision;
for fixed rate loans subject to the risk of early repayment in accordance with Article
78c of this Decision;
for term deposits subject to early redemption in accordance with Article 78č of this
Decision;

use a transparent methodology for identifying the risk-free rate at origination of
each instrument;
use a methodology that is applied consistently across business units;
ensure that the exclusion of commercial margins and other spread components
from the cash flows is consistent with how the institution manages and hedges IRRBB;
notify the Central Bank of their exclusion.
(4) A credit institution shall not take into account, for the purposes of the slotting referred to in paragraph (1) of this Article, the impact on notional repricing cash flow deriving from an embedded optionality of an automatic interest rate option, but the notional repricing cash flows shall be slotted as if the embedded optionality does not exist. (5) A credit institution shall take into account, for the purposes of slotting referred to in paragraph (1) of this Article the notional repricing cash flow deriving from an embedded optionality of a behavioural interest rate option. Non-Maturity Deposits
Article 78b
(1) A credit institution shall classify non-maturity deposits according to the counterparty as follows:
retail non-maturity deposits, which are further classified into retail transactional
deposits and retail non-transactional deposits; and
wholesale non-maturity deposits, which are further classified into wholesale
deposits of financial customers and wholesale non-financial deposits. (2) A credit institution shall distinguish the stable from the non-stable part of the retail transactional and non-transactional and the wholesale non-financial deposits referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article using observed changes of the volume of the deposits due to upward and downward movements of the risk-free interest rate for a period of at least the preceding ten years. (3) A credit institution shall further distinguish the stable part of the non-maturity deposits referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article into a core and a non-core component.

the current level of interest rates, the spread between an institution’s offer rate and
market rate, competition from other firms, the institution’s geographical location and demographic and other relevant characteristics of its customer base.
the unlikely repricing of the core component even under significant changes in the
interest rate environment.
(6) In scenarios prescribing an increase of short-term interest rates as referred to in
Article 78 paragraphs 8 and 9, the core component calculated in accordance with
paragraph 4 and 5 of this Article shall be multiplied by 0.8 and the non-core component shall increase accordingly. (7) In scenarios prescribing a downward movement of short-term interest rates, the core component calculated in accordance with paragraphs 3 and 5 of this Article shall be multiplied by 1.2 and the non-core component shall decrease accordingly. (8) A credit institution shall apply the following caps on the proportion of the core component of the non-maturity deposits when implementing paragraphs 3 to 7 of this
Article:
90%, for retail transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in paragraph 1 item
1 of this Article;
70%, for retail non-transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in paragraph 1
item 1 of this Article;
50%, for non-financial wholesale non-maturity deposits referred to in paragraph
1 item 2 of this Article.
(9) A credit institution shall treat all non-maturity wholesale deposits of financial customers, as referred to in paragraph 1 item 1 of this Article, as non-core non-maturity deposits. (10) A credit institution shall allocate the non-core component of the non-maturity deposits into the (overnight) repricing time bucket (1) referred to in Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision. (11) A credit institution shall allocate the core components of the non-maturity deposits consistently over time into the repricing time buckets referred to in Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision, based on observed internal data and subject to the following maturity restrictions calculated on a weighted average basis:
5 years, for retail transactional non-maturity deposits;
4.5 years, for retail non-transactional non-maturity deposits;
4 years, for non-financial wholesale non-maturity deposits.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 15 (12) A credit institution shall identify non-maturity deposits as non-core deposits if the total of non-maturity deposits is smaller than 2% of the positions referred to in Article 78 paragraph 4 of this Decision that are accounted for as a liability in accordance with the applicable accounting framework. Fixed rate loans subject to the risk of early repayment
Article 78c
(1) A credit institution shall treat fixed rate loans to retail customers as subject to the risk of early repayment, where the borrower has the ability to prepay part or all of the outstanding principal before the contractually agreed repayment date or the contractual maturity date of the principal without bearing the economic costs for such repayment, and where a borrower is bearing the economic cost only above a certain prepayment threshold, the credit institution shall treat the loan as a fixed rate loan subject to the risk of early repayment. (2) A credit institution shall determine and apply in a way consistent over time and appropriate for the estimation of an average prepayment rate, an estimation of the baseline annual conditional prepayment rate per currency for the positions referred to in paragraphs 1 and 7 of this Article, whereby that rate shall be distinct for each portfolio of homogeneous positions and shall be determined under the prevailing term structure of interest rates based on all available internal observations, while the prepayment rate may be set at 0, where the total of the fixed rate loans referred to in paragraphs 1 and 7 of this
Article is less than 5% of the positions referred to in Article 78 paragraph 4 of this Decision
that are accounted for as an asset in accordance with the applicable accounting framework. (3) A credit institution shall adjust the conditional prepayment rate calculated in accordance with paragraph 2 of this Article to the shock scenarios, whereby in scenarios prescribing an increase in interest rates as referred to in Article 78 paragraph 10, the conditional prepayment rate shall be multiplied by 0.8. while in scenarios prescribing a decrease in interest rates as referred to in Article 78 paragraphs 8 and 10 of this Decision, the conditional prepayment rate shall be multiplied by 1.2. (4) For each repricing time bucket referred to in Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision, the expected amount of prepaid loans per time bucket shall be estimated by multiplying the amount referred to in item 1 of this paragraph with the appropriate rate referred to in item 2 of this paragraph:

the outstanding amount of the fixed rate loans referred to in paragraph 1 of this
Article of a certain homogeneous product type denominated in a certain currency,
whereby the amount matured or prepaid at a time earlier than the lower limit of the time bucket shall not be regarded as outstanding amount;
the appropriate time-weighted conditional prepayment rate is defined as the
conditional prepayment rate in accordance with paragraph 2 of this Article, multiplied by the length of the applicable time bucket specified in Annex 1b, item 2 to this Decision and adjusted in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 16 (5) A credit institution shall allocate the prepaid amount of the fixed rate loans referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, including penalty fees on the prepaid amount that retail customers pay in the applicable scenario, into the appropriate time buckets of Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision, whereby any part of their repricing cash flows that is not expected to be prepaid shall be allocated into the repricing time buckets referred to Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision on the basis of the contractual repayment schedule for the duration of their contractual maturity. (6) A credit institution shall not treat fixed loans to wholesale customers, where the borrower has the ability to prepay part or all of the outstanding principal before the contractually agreed repayment date or the contractual maturity date of the principal in accordance with the provisions of this Article but in accordance with Article78a paragraph 1 item 1 and Article 78dž of this Decision. (7) Where the credit institution is exposed to assets in the form of securities with underlying instruments in the form of loans referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, and the issuer of those assets has no obligation to replace the loans in the case of their early repayment, a look-through approach shall be applied and the positions in those assets shall be evaluated in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article, irrespective of whether the counterparty of the credit institution is a wholesale or retail customer. Term deposits subject to the risk of early redemption
Article 78č
(1) A credit institution shall consider fixed rate term deposits as term deposits with the risk of early redemption, where they are retail deposits and the depositor holds the option to redeem any outstanding amount before the contractual maturity date of the deposit. (2) Term deposits referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, whose early redemption (withdrawal) would result in a penalty that the customer would pay to the credit institution compensating both for the loss of interest between the date of the deposit’s redemption and the date of its contractual maturity and for the economic cost of redeeming the deposit, may be treated in accordance with Article 78a paragraph 1 item 1 of this Decision and not in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article. (3) A credit institution shall not apply the provisions of this Article to wholesale fixed rate term deposits, but Article 78a paragraph 1 item 1 of this Decision, and where the wholesale depositor holds the option to redeem any outstanding amount before the contractual maturity date of the deposit and the conditions referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article are not met, the option shall be treated as an embedded automatic option in accordance with Article 78dž of this Decision. (4) A credit institution shall determine, in a way that is consistently applied over time and which is suitable for the estimation of an average early redemption rate, an estimation of the baseline cumulative term deposit redemption rate for term deposits referred to in

The amount of term deposits referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article of a certain
homogeneous product type denominated in a certain currency;
the appropriate cumulative term deposit redemption rate adjusted in accordance
with paragraph 5 of this Article.
(7) A credit institution shall obtain the total amount of the early redeemed term deposits by the aggregation of the early redemption amounts by time bucket in accordance with paragraph 6 of this Article, for all time buckets and sets of homogeneous product types, whereby the expected early redeemed amounts shall be allocated in the time bucket (1) (overnight deposits), while the parts of the cash flows of the term deposits referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article not expected to be redeemed early shall be allocated in accordance with their contractual maturity into the time buckets of Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision. Derivatives not subject to optionality
Article 78ć
(1) A credit institution shall separate derivative instruments not subject to optionality into a paying and a receiving leg. (2) The receiving leg of a derivative instrument shall be treated as an incoming cash flow, the paying leg of a derivative instrument shall be treated as an outgoing cash flow. (3) Cross-currency interest rate swaps involving swapping principal or interest in different currencies shall be treated separately for each leg in each currency.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 18 (4) A credit institution shall treat the interest income and expenses of derivative instruments used for hedging separately the income and expenses deriving from the hedged position. Other instruments
Article 78d
(1) A credit institution whose non-performing exposure ratio equals or exceeds 2% shall allocate the cash flow of non-performing exposures net of value adjustments, reflecting their expected cash flows and their timing, into the repricing time buckets of Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision in a way that it is consistently applied over time. (2) For the purposes of paragraph 1 of this Article, non-performing exposures shall be determined by debt securities, loans and advances classified as non-performing in accordance with Article 35 of the Decision on Capital Adequacy of Credit Institutions, whereby the non-performing exposures ratio shall be calculated as the amount of nonperforming exposures divided by the amount of total gross debt securities, loans and advances. (3) Where the sum of notional amounts of fixed rate loan commitments to retail counterparties exceeds 2% of the positions referred to in Article 78 paragraph 4 of this Decision that are accounted for as an asset in accordance with the applicable accounting framework, a credit institution shall estimate, taking into account the value of the contract for the counterparty in the baseline and shock scenarios and based on historical internal observations of drawings on fixed rate loan commitments by the type of the counterparty under similar conditions, amounts to be drawn and undrawn in both scenarios. Estimated drawn amounts shall be allocated, in accordance with the estimated time of the drawing, into the repricing time buckets of Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision.
6.5. Add-ons for the calculation of standardised approach on economic value of
equity
Economic value of equity add-on for automatic interest rate options
Article 78dž
(1) A credit institution shall calculate the economic value of equity add-on for the explicit and embedded automatic sold and bought interest rate options of their positions referred to in Article 78a paragraph 5 of this Decision. (2) In case of bought automatic interest rate options, the credit institution shall determine the change in value of the option between the applicable interest rate shock scenario and the baseline scenario combined with a relative increase in the implicit interest rate volatility of 25%.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 19 (3) In case of sold automatic interest rate options, a credit institution shall calculate the value change for the applicable interest rate shock scenario compared to the baseline scenario. The value change shall be the difference between:

an estimate of the value of the option for the option holder, given:
− a risk-free yield curve in the applicable currency under the applicable interest rate shock scenario; and − a relative increase in the implicit interest rate volatility of 25%.
the value of the sold option for the option holder, on the basis of the non-shock
yield curve and implicit interest rate volatility in the applicable currency at the valuation date. (4) A credit institution shall calculate the total measure for automatic interest rate option risk as a result of an interest rate shock scenario in a currency as the difference between the values calculated in accordance with paragraph 2 and 3 of this Article. (5) For the valuation required in paragraph 2 and 3 of this Article, a credit institution shall apply its relevant internal valuation methods.
6.6. Calculation of the standardised economic value of equity measure
Economic value of equity and delta economic value of equity calculation
Article 78đ
(1) A credit institution shall calculate the economic value of equity for the baseline and the shock scenario in each currency in accordance with paragraphs 2 to 4 of this Article, whereby the change in the economic value of equity shall be calculated in accordance with paragraphs 5 and 6 of this Article. (2) A credit institution shall allocate the notional repricing cash flows into the repricing time buckets in accordance with Articles 78a to 78d of this Decision, with the following further specifications:
all positive and negative notional repricing cash flows within a repricing time bucket
shall be netted, forming a net long or net short position for each repricing time bucket;
incoming cash flows shall have a positive sign and outgoing cash flows shall have
a negative sign.
(3) Net notional repricing cash flows shall be discounted towards a present value by using a discount factor. The discount factor 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) shall be calculated from the spot zero interest rate 𝑅𝑅 ,𝑐𝑐 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 ) at the bucket mid-point for the respective scenario and currency 𝑐𝑐 multiplied by the bucket mid-point 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 as:
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑖𝑖,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘) = exp�−𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘) ∗ 𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘�

the absolute value of negative changes in EUR or ERMII currencies; or
the result of applying a factor of 50% to the positive changes of ERMII currencies
or EUR.
6.7. Allocation of repricing cashflow for the calculation of the standardised
approach on net interest income of a credit institution Specific requirements for allocating repricing cash flows
Article 78e
For the allocation of repricing cash flows for the calculation of the net interest income, a credit institution shall apply provisions of Articles 78a to 78d of this Decision, with the following derogations:
by way of derogation from Article 78a paragraph 2 of this Decision, a credit
institution shall include in interest payments the commercial margins and other spread components;
in addition to the allocation of the notional repricing cash flows referred to in Article
78a paragraph 1 of this Decision and Articles 78c,78č, and 78d of this Decision into the appropriate repricing time buckets in accordance with the provisions of those Articles, a credit institution shall allocate those cash flows into the reference term time buckets of Annex 1b, item 3 to this Decision, whereby notional repricing cash flows that are interest payments shall assume the reference term of the instrument that generated them.
in addition to the allocation of the notional repricing cash flows into repricing time
buckets referred to in Article 78 paragraph 1 item 2 and Article 78b of this Decision, credit institution shall allocate those cash flows into the first reference term time

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 21 bucket of Annex 1b, item 3 (time bucket exceeding overnight up to and including 12 months, with the midpoint of 12 months);
4) fixed legs of derivative instruments referred to in Article 78ć of this Decision shall
be treated under item 2 of this paragraph, while floating legs of derivative instruments shall be treated under item 3 of this paragraph.
6.8. Add-ons for the calculation of standardised approach on net interest income
Net interest income add-on for automatic interest rate options up to the net interest income horizon
Article 78f
A credit institution shall apply Article 78dž of this Decision to calculate the net interest income add-on for explicit and embedded automatic interest rate options up to the net interest income horizon, with the following derogations:

automatic options that can only be exercised beyond the net interest income
horizon shall be excluded from the calculation;
the relative increase in implicit volatility shall be disregarded for the purposes of
this calculation;
the value referred to in Article 178dž paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Decision shall be
calculated on the basis of payouts expected in the baseline and shock scenarios;
by way of derogation from Article 178dž paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Decision, the
instruments vis-a-vis retail and non-retail counterparties, whose optionality/nonlinearity is automatically activated, shall be assumed to be rolled over with comparable characteristics up to the end of the net interest income horizon referred to in item 1 of this paragraph. Market value changes for automatic interest rate options held at fair value and maturing beyond the net interest income horizon
Article 78g
To calculate the market value changes for automatic interest rate options held at fair value and maturing beyond the net interest income horizon, a credit institution shall apply Article 78dž of this Decision.
6.9. Calculation of the standardised net interest income risk measure
Projected yield of risk-free component
Article 78h
(1) For the purposes of calculating the contribution to net interest income of the projected risk-free yield on the reinvestment or refinancing of repricing cash flows, a credit institution

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 22 shall, for each currency and scenario, determine a table of forward rates representative of the risk-free component of interest rates that is expected to be applied to risk-free loans starting at the repricing mid points of buckets referred to in Annex 1b, item 4 to this Decision, and with maturities corresponding to the reference term bucket mid points referred to in Annex 1b, item 3 to this Decision. (2) A credit institution shall determine the forward rates referred to in paragraph 1 of this
Article in accordance with the following formula:
𝐹𝐹 𝑖𝑖,𝑐𝑐�𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘,
𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘 + 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑗𝑗� = − In�𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑖𝑖,𝑐𝑐�𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘+𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑗𝑗�/𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑖𝑖,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘)� 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑗𝑗 , where:
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 is the midpoint of repricing bucket;
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅 is the midpoint of reference term bucket j; 𝐹𝐹 ,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡,𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 + 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅 ) is the forward rate for the respective scenario and for currency 𝑐𝑐 for a risk-free loan starting at the midpoint of repricing bucket and maturing at the midpoint of reference term bucket j; 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷,𝑐𝑐 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 ) is the discounting factor for the respective scenario and for currency 𝑐𝑐 and time 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 as referred to Article 78đ paragraph 3 of this Decision. (3) A credit institution shall determine the applicable risk-free interest rate, for each combination of a repricing bucket midpoint with a reference term bucket midpoint, by multiplying the forward rates referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article with the remaining time up to the end of the time horizon of the net interest income calculation set out in
Article 78 paragraph 7 of this Decision.
(4) The remaining time up to the end of a net interest income horizon shall be the net interest income horizon minus the relevant repricing mid points of the buckets referred to in Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision. (5) A credit institution shall calculate the contribution to the net interest income of the projected risk-free interest rate on the reinvestment or refinancing of repricing cash flows by multiplying the notional repricing cash flows referred to in Articles 78a paragraph 1 to 78d of this Decision, allocated in accordance with Article 78e paragraph 1 items 2 and 3 of this Decision, with the contribution of the corresponding applicable risk-free interest rate calculated in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article. Projected income from the commercial margin component
Article 78i
(1) A credit institution shall calculate the contribution to the net interest income of the projected commercial margin on the reinvestment or refinancing of repricing cash flows of the instruments referred to in Articles 78a paragraph 1 item 1 to 78č of this Decision by allocating these cash flows at the reset of commercial margins, and by estimating the

the product types of financial assets shall be:
− Debt Securities;
− Loans and advances – Non-Financial Corporates; − Loans and advances - Households – Mortgages; − Loans and advances - Households – Credit (non-mortgage); − Loans and advances – other counterparties; − Other products in the non-trading book;
the product types of financial liabilities shall be:
− Deposits – Non-Financial Corporates;
− Deposits – Households;
− Deposits – other counterparties;
− Debt securities;
− Other liabilities in the non-trading book.
(5) To determine the commercial margin rate referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, a credit institution shall apply the following:
in case of instruments traded in deep and active liquid markets where the value of
the instrument is capable of being determined on the basis of widely disseminated and easily available market prices, the commercial margin rate shall be determined on the basis of the market price and the interest payments of the instrument with a deduction of the risk-free rate;
in case of other instruments, the commercial margin rate shall be determined by
the weighted average of commercial margins received or paid in transactions during the last 360 days, having regard to the product type, geographical location and currency denomination referred to in paragraph 4 of this Article. In the absence of such transactions, the commercial margin rate shall be determined on the basis of assumptions relying on margins received or paid in comparable portfolios. (6) The commercial margin rate determined in accordance with paragraph 5 of this Article in the baseline scenario shall also apply in a shock scenario.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 24 (7) To take into account the remaining time in the net interest income horizon, a credit institution shall determine the percentage of commercial margin yield by multiplying the commercial margin calculated in accordance with paragraph 5 of this Article by the remaining time up to the end of the net interest income horizon. The remaining time up to the end of a net interest income horizon shall be the net interest income horizon minus the relevant repricing mid points of the buckets referred to in Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision. (8) A credit institution shall determine the contribution to the net interest income of the projected commercial margin on the reinvestment or refinancing of repricing cash flows by multiplying the cash flows calculated in accordance with paragraph 2 of this Article by the applicable commercial margin yield referred to in paragraph 7 of this Article. Interest payments or part of interest payments that occur up to and including their reset date
Article 78j
(1) To determine the contribution to the net interest income of interest payments occurring up to the repricing date including that date, a credit institution shall additionally allocate exclusively these interest payments of the instruments referred to in Articles 78a paragraph 1 item 1 to 78d of this Decision into the repricing time buckets referred to in
Annex 1b, item 4 to this Decision, provided these interest payments meet the following
conditions:

the size of the interest payment is known and fixed, with no possibility for the
payment to change due to a movement in interest rates.
the interest payment is expected to be paid within the net interest income horizon
referred to in Article 78 paragraph 6 of this Decision.
(2) For instruments referred to in Article 78a paragraph 1 item 2 of this Decision, where the interest payment occurs after the interest repricing date, credit institution shall apply paragraph 1 of this Article only to the part of the interest payment that represents the commercial margin. Market value changes for instruments held at fair value maturing beyond the net interest income horizon
Article 78k
(1) To calculate the market value changes beyond the net interest income horizon for instruments held at fair value, a credit institution shall perform the allocation in accordance with Article 78đ paragraph 2 of this Decision, taking into account Article 78e paragraph 1 item 1 of this Decision, and with the following derogations:
the cash flows related to instruments not held at fair value shall be excluded;
the cash flows repricing in the net interest income time horizon shall be excluded
by being set to zero in the repricing time buckets referred to in Annex 1b, item 4 to this Decision.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 25 (2) To calculate the market value changes for instruments held at fair value that are maturing beyond the net interest income horizon, a credit institution shall apply Article 78đ paragraphs 3 to 5 of this Decision to the allocation performed in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article. Net interest income add-on for basis risk
Article 78l
(1) Where the sum of floating rate instruments, other than those in the category “overnight”, exceeds 5% of the positions referred to in Article 78 paragraph 4 of this Decision that are accounted for as an asset in accordance with the applicable accounting framework, the notional repricing cash flows of floating rate instruments shall be allocated, in addition to their allocation in accordance with Article 78a paragraph 1 item 2 of this Decision, for each currency by their repricing date, to the repricing time buckets referred to in Annex 1b, item 4 to this Decision. (2) The notional repricing cash flows referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall, for the purpose of their allocation, be broken down into the following reference terms, which the floating rate instrument refers to:

Overnight;
1 month;
3 months;
6 months;
12 months.
(3) In the absence of a reference term, the notional repricing cash flows shall be assigned to the following categories:
“policy rate” in case the floating rate instrument refers to a central bank policy rate;
“other” in case of a floating rate instrument link to any other benchmark.
(4) Incoming notional repricing cash flows shall be allocated with a positive sign and outgoing notional repricing cash flows shall be allocated with a negative sign. (5) For the purposes of paragraph 1 of this Article, a credit institution shall exclude embedded interest rate options and shall treat those options in accordance with paragraph 10 of this Article. (6) A credit institution shall estimate tightening shocks and widening shocks, in a way that is consistently applied over time, for each reference term category referred to in paragraphs 2 to 4 of this Article for a given currency on the basis of historic observations of movements in the interest rates of the instruments in each category. (7) The tightening shocks and widening shocks shall be determined by comparing interest rates with the overnight reference term referred to in paragraph 2 item 1 of this

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 26
Article, to the other reference terms as set out in paragraph 2 items 2 to 5 and paragraphs
3 and 4 of this Article.
(8) A credit institution shall apply to the notional repricing cash flows for each currency the shocks referred to in paragraph 7 of this Article multiplied by the remaining time up to the end of a net interest income horizon. The remaining time up to the end of a net interest income horizon shall be the net interest income horizon minus the relevant repricing mid points of the buckets referred to in Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision. (9) A credit institution shall aggregate in one amount separately for the tightening and for the widening scenario the results from the calculations referred to in paragraph 8 of this
Article.
(10) A credit institution shall calculate both in the tightening and in the widening scenario the pay-outs from automatic interest rate options that are explicit or embedded in floating rate instruments, and shall compare these pay-outs to the pay-outs calculated under the baseline scenario. The resulting difference in the pay-outs shall be added to the result calculated in accordance with paragraph 9 of this Article for the tightening scenario and the widening scenario separately, with a positive sign for incoming pay-outs and a negative sign for outgoing payouts. In this calculation, pay-outs shall not be discounted and no assumptions shall be made regarding changes in volatility. (11) The net interest income add-on for basis risk shall be the lower result calculated in accordance with this Article in the tightening and the widening scenario. Net interest income and delta net interest income calculation
Article 78lj
(1) To calculate the net interest income, thereby excluding explicit and embedded automatic interest rate options up to the net interest income horizon, a credit institution shall take the sum of:

the projected risk-free yields calculated in accordance with Article 78h of this
Decision;
the projected yield from commercial margins calculated in accordance with Article
78i of this Decision; and
the sum of interest payments up to their reset date including that date, calculated
in accordance with Article 78j of this Decision, reduced by any material interest accrued at t=0. (2) In the calculation of the previous paragraph, credit institution shall treat incoming cash flows with a positive sign and outgoing cash flows with a negative sign. (3) To obtain the impact of a shock scenario on net interest income, credit institution shall take the sum of:
the difference between:

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 27 − the calculation referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article relating to a shock scenario; − the calculation referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article relating to the baseline scenario;
2) the net interest income add-on for automatic options within the net interest income
horizon calculated in accordance with Article 78f of this Decision;
3) the net interest income add-on for basis risk calculated in accordance with Article
78l of this Decision.
(4) A credit institution shall perform the calculation referred to in paragraph 3 items 1 and 2 of this Article using the same shock scenario, while it shall perform the calculation referred to in paragraph 3 item 3 of this Article using the tightening or widening scenario referred to in Article 78l paragraph 11 of this Decision that has the largest negative impact on the net interest income. (5) When calculating the aggregate change for each shock scenario, credit institution shall add together any negative and positive changes occurring in each currency. In this calculation, currencies other than the reporting currency shall be converted to the reporting currency at the Central Bank spot FX rate on the reference date. (6) Positive changes referred to in paragraph 5 of this Article shall be weighted by a factor of 50% or by a factor of 80% in the case of Exchange Rate Mechanism - ERM II currencies with a formally agreed fluctuation band narrower than the standard band of +/- 15% to offset losses in EUR. (7) Weighted gains shall be recognized up to the greater of the following values:

the absolute value of negative changes in EUR or ERMII currencies; or
the result of applying a factor of 50% to the positive changes of ERMII currencies
or EUR.
6.10 IRRBB measurement using simplified standardised approach by a credit
institution
Economic value of equity and delta economic value of equity simplified calculation
Article 78m
(1) For each calculation of the economic value of equity and delta economic value of equity under the simplified standardised approach, a credit institution shall derogate from the standardised approach on EVE in a manner specified in paragraphs 2 to 4 of this
Article.
(2) In the baseline scenario, by way of derogation from Article 78b paragraphs 2 to 8 of this Decision, a credit institution shall set the amount of core component of non-maturity deposits taking the following proportions:

69.23%, for retail transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b
paragraph 1 item 1 of this Decision;
53.85%, for retail non-transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b
paragraph 1 item 1 of this Decision;
38.46%, for wholesale non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b paragraph 1
item 2 of this Decision;
(3) In the baseline scenario, by way of derogation from Article 78b paragraph 11 of this Decision, credit institution shall allocate the core component of non-maturity deposits evenly over time as set out in Annex 1b item 5.1 to this Decision. (4) In scenarios prescribing a decrease of short-term interest rate, by way of derogation from Article 78b paragraphs 2 to 8, credit institution shall set the amount of core component of non-maturity deposits taking the following proportions:
90%, for retail transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b
paragraph 1 item 1 of this Decision;
70%, for retail non-transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b
paragraph 1 item 1 of this Decision;
50%, for wholesale non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b paragraph 1
item 2 of this Decision.
(5) In scenarios prescribing a decrease of short-term interest rate, by way of derogation from Article 78b paragraph 11 of this Decision, credit institution shall allocate the core component of non-maturity deposits evenly over time as set out in Annex 1b, item 5.2 to this Decision. (6) In scenarios prescribing an increase of short-term interest rate, by way of derogation from Article 78b paragraphs 2 to 8 of this Decision, credit institution shall set the amount of core component of non-maturity deposits taking the following proportions:
(1) 48.46%, for retail transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b paragraph 1 item 1 of this Decision; (2) 37.69%, for retail non-transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b paragraph 1 item 1 of this Decision; (3) 26.92%, for wholesale non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b paragraph 1 item 2 of this Decision. (7) In scenarios prescribing an increase of short-term interest rate, by way of derogation from Article 78b paragraph 11 of this Decision, credit institution shall allocate the core component of non-maturity deposits evenly over time as set out in Annex 1b, item 5.3 to this Decision. (8) A credit institution shall perform the calculations of the change in value referred to in
Article 78dž paragraphs 2 and 3 using the sum of the pay-outs in the baseline and shock
scenarios and discounted by the applicable risk-free interest rates, whereby it shall disregard any effect of increased volatility multiply the pay-outs of automatic options under the shock scenario by 1.10.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 29 Net interest income and delta net interest income simplified calculation
Article 78n
(1) For the calculation of the net interest income and delta net interest income under the simplified standardised approach, a credit institution shall derogate from the standardised approach on net interest income as follows:

a credit institution shall implement the simplification referred to in Article 78m
paragraph 1 of this Decision;
a credit institution shall make no allocation in accordance with Article 78e
paragraph 1 item 2 of this Decision. An average reference term for all fixed rate interest rate sensitive banking book assets and an average reference term for all fixed rate interest rate sensitive banking book liabilities shall be calculated for each product type category set out in Article 78i paragraph 4 of this Decision.
for the purpose of Article 78h of this Decision, the calculated average reference
terms shall be applied instead of the mid points of the reference term buckets referred to in Annex 1b, item 3 to this Decision;
By way of derogation from Article 78i paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Decision, credit
institution shall, when applying paragraph 4 item 2 of that Article, only separate the amounts referred to in Article 78i paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Decision by product types and shall not take into account the geographical location breakdown.
By way of derogation from Article 78j of this Decision, credit institution shall
calculate interest payments or part of interest payments occurring up to their repricing date including that date, by the multiplication of:
− the amount of principal of all instruments outstanding; with − the institution’s estimate of average interest rate on instruments on the asset or liability side as applicable; with − the net interest income horizon, or, in case an instrument is repricing before the net interest income horizon, the mid-point of the applicable repricing time bucket referred to in Annex 1b, item 1 to this Decision applicable to the outstanding instrument. (2) By way of derogation from Article 78dž paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Decision, credit institution shall calculate the market value changes of automatic options held at fair value maturing beyond the net interest income horizon referred to in Article 78g of this Decision by using the sum of the pay-outs in the baseline and shock scenarios discounted by the applicable risk-free interest rates. Institutions shall disregard any effect of increased volatility and multiply the pay-outs under the shock scenario by 1.10.
6.11 Supervisory outlier test
Supervisory shock scenarios
Article 78nj
(1) The supervisory outlier tests – SOTs as a part of the assessment of a credit institution’s exposures to IRRBB and the process of supervisory review and evaluation,

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 30 are envisaged to estimate whether such exposures of a credit institution have an impact on its economic value of equity (SIT on EVE) or its net interest income (SOT on NII) above certain thresholds. (2) In determining the adverse impact of the changes in interest rates on the economic value of equity, a credit institution shall apply the following six supervisory shock scenarios:

parallel shock up, where there is a parallel upward shift of the yield curve with the
same positive interest rate shock for all maturities;
parallel shock down, where there is a parallel downward shift of the yield curve
with the same negative interest rate shock for all maturities;
steepener shock, where there is a steepening shift of the yield curve, with negative
interest rate shocks for shorter maturities and positive interest rate shocks for longer maturities;
flattener shock, where there is a flattening shift of the yield curve, with positive
interest rate shocks for shorter maturities and negative interest rate shocks for longer maturities;
short rates shock up, with larger positive interest rate shocks for shorter maturities
to converge with the baseline for longer maturities; and
short rates shock down, with larger negative interest rate shocks for shorter
maturities to converge with the baseline for longer maturities.
(3) In determining the adverse impact of the change in the interest rates on the net interest income, a credit institution shall apply the following two supervisory shock scenarios:
parallel shock up, where there is a parallel upwards shift of the yield curve with the
same positive interest rate shocks for all maturities; and
parallel shock down, where there is a parallel downwards shift of the yield curve
with the same negative interest rate shocks for all maturities.
(4) The supervisory shock scenarios referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article shall be calculated on the basis of the currency-specific specified sizes of interest rate shocks set out in Table 1 of this Article and in Article 78o of this Decision, and shall apply at least to the exposure to the IRRBB, denominated in each currency separately for which the credit institution has positions where the accounting value of financial assets or liabilities denominated in a currency amounts to 5% or more of the total non-trading book financial assets or liabilities, or less than 5% if the sum of financial assets or liabilities included in the calculation is lower than 90% of total non-trading book financial assets (excluding tangible assets) or liabilities.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 31
Table 1: Specified size of interest rate shocks𝑹𝑹�𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔,
ARS AUD BGN BRL CAD CHF CNY CZK DKK EUR GBP
Parallel 400 300 250 400 200 100 250 200 250
Short 500 450 350 500 300 150 300 250 300
Long 300 200 150 300 150 100 150 100 150 100 150 HKD HRK HUF IDR INR JPY KRW MXN PLN RON RUB Parallel 200 250 300 400 400 100 300 400 250 350 400 Short 250 400 450 500 500 100 400 500 350 500 500 Long 100 200 200 350 300 100 200 300 150 250 300 SAR SEK SGD TRY USD ZAR Parallel 200 200 150 400 200 400 Short 300 300 200 500 300 500 Long 150 150 100 300 150 300 ARS Argentine Peso IDR Indonesian Rupiah AUD Australian Dollar INR Indian Rupee BGN Bulgarian Lev JPY Japanese Yen BRL Brazilian Real KRW South Korean Won CAD Canadian Dollar MXN Mexican Peso CHF Swiss Franc PLN Poland Zloty CNY Chinese Yuan RON Romanian Leu CZK Czech Koruna RUB Russian Ruble DKK Danish Krone SAR Saudi Riyal EUR Euro SEK Swedish Krona GBP Pound sterling SGD Singapore Dollar HKD Hong Kong Dollar TRY Turkish Lira HRK Croatian Kuna USD United States Dollar HUF Hungarian Forint ZAR South African Rand Other currencies
Article 78o
(1) To calibrate specified sizes for interest rate shocks for currencies not referred to in Table 1 referred to in Article 78nj of this Decision, the following shall apply:

a credit institution shall first calculate the daily average interest rate by
collecting a 16-year time series of daily “risk-free” interest rates, without credit institution-specific or entity-specific credit spreads or liquidity spreads, for each currency for the maturities 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 5 years, 7 years, 10 years, 15 years and 20 years and then calculate the arithmetic average interest rate for each currency c across all observations in the time series and for all maturities. The result shall be a single measure per currency.
if the average interest rate calculated as per item 1 of this paragraph for the
first seven years is greater than 700 basis points, then data from the most

parallel shock for currency c: A constant parallel shock up or down across all time
buckets:
∆𝑅𝑅𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘) = ±𝑅𝑅�𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝,𝑐𝑐
short rate shock for currency c:
∆𝑅𝑅𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜 ,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘) = ±𝑅𝑅�𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜 ,𝑐𝑐 ∙ −𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘 4 , where tk is the midpoint (in time) of the kth time bucket.
long rate shock for currency c:
∆𝑅𝑅 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘) = ±𝑅𝑅� 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙,𝑐𝑐 ∙ �1 − −𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘 4 �
rotation shocks for currency c:
∆𝑅𝑅𝑠𝑠 ,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘) = − 0.65 ∙ �∆𝑅𝑅𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜 ,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘)| + 0.9 ∙ �∆𝑅𝑅 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘)|;

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 33 ∆𝑅𝑅𝑓𝑓 ,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘) = + 0.8 ∙ �∆𝑅𝑅𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜 ,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘)| − 0.6 ∙ �∆𝑅𝑅 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙,𝑐𝑐(𝑡𝑡𝑘𝑘)|. Changes in the economic value of equity (EVE)
Article 78r
A credit institution shall reflect in its calculation of the economic value of equity, the following common modelling and parametric assumptions:

all non-trading book positions from interest rate sensitive instruments shall be
taken into account;
small trading book business, referred to in Article 103 of the Decision on Capital
Adequacy of Credit Institutions, shall be included unless its IRRBB is captured in another risk measure;
all CET1 instruments and other perpetual instruments without any call dates shall
be excluded from the calculation of the supervisory outlier test;
a credit institution shall reflect automatic and behavioural options in the calculation,
whereby the key behavioural modelling assumptions of interest rate sensitive instruments shall be adjusted to the features of different interest rate scenarios taking into account the proportionality and materiality thresholds set out in Article 78b paragraph 12, Article 78c paragraph 2, Article 78č paragraph 4, Article 78d paragraph 3, and Article 78l paragraph 1 of this decision.;
pension obligations and pension plan assets shall be included unless their interest
rate risk is captured in another risk measure;
the cash flows from interest rate sensitive instruments shall include any repayment
of principal, any repricing of principal and any interest payments.
a credit institution with a non-performing exposures ratio of 2% or more shall
include nonperforming exposures as general interest rate sensitive instruments whose modelling should reflect expected cash flows and their maturity; nonperforming exposures shall be included net of value adjustments; for these purposes, non-performing exposures are determined by debt securities, loans and advances classified as non-performing in accordance with Article 35 of the Decision on Capital Adequacy of Credit Institutions, while the non-performing exposures ratio is calculated as the amount of non-performing exposures divided by the amount of total gross debt securities, loans and advances calculated at the level of the credit institution;
a credit institution shall include instrument-specific interest rate caps and floors;
commercial margins and other spread components in interest payments in terms
of their exclusion from or inclusion in the cash flows shall be treated in accordance with the institutions’ internal management and measurement approach for interest rate risk in the non-trading book; 10)the change in EVE shall be computed with the assumption of a run-off balance sheet, where existing positions mature and are not replaced; 11)a maturity-dependent post-shock interest rate floor shall be applied for each currency starting with -150 basis points for immediate maturity; this floor shall increase by 3 basis points per year, probably reaching 0% for maturities of 50

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 34 years and more; if the observed interest rates are lower than the post-shock interest rate floor, institutions shall apply the lower observed interest rate; 12)when calculating the aggregate change for each interest rate shock scenario, institutions shall add together any negative and positive changes occurring in each currency; currencies other than the reporting currency shall be converted to the reporting currency at the Central Bank spot FX rate; positive changes shall be weighted by a factor of 50% or a factor of 80% in the case of Exchange Rate Mechanism - ERM II currencies with a formally agreed fluctuation band narrower than the standard band of +/- 15%; weighted gains shall be recognised up to the greater of the following two values:
− the absolute value of negative changes in EUR or ERMII currencies; or − the result of applying a factor of 50% to the positive changes of ERMII currencies or EUR. 13)for discounting, an appropriate general “risk-free” yield curve per currency shall be applied (e.g., an OIS curve); that yield curve shall not include instrument- specific, sector-specific or entity-specific credit spreads or liquidity spreads; 14)in assessing the risk of interest rate-sensitive products that are linked to inflation or other market factors, prudent assumptions shall be applied. These assumptions shall be based on the current/last observed value, on forecasts of a reputable economic research institute or on other generally accepted market practices and shall be generally scenario-independent. Changes in the net interest income
Article 78s
(1) A credit institution shall reflect in their calculations of the net interest income the following common modelling and parametric assumptions: interest income and interest expenses over a one-year horizon shall be considered regardless of the maturity and the accounting treatment of the relevant interest rate sensitive non-trading book instruments. (2) The assumptions established in Article 78r of this Decision, except its items 9 and 10, shall apply here. (3) A credit institution shall include commercial margins and other spread components. (4) A credit institution shall compute the change in the net interest income under the assumption of a constant balance sheet, where its total size and composition, including on- and off-balance sheet items, shall be maintained by replacing maturing or repricing cash flows with new instruments that have comparable features with regard to the currency, amount and repricing period of the instruments generating the repricing cash flows. Margins of the new instruments shall be based on the margins from recently bought or sold products with similar characteristics. In the case of instruments with observable market prices, recent market spreads shall be used and not historical market spreads.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 35 Large decline
Article 78t
(1) A decline of a credit institution’s one-year net interest income by more than 2.5% of its Tier 1 Capital, resulting from a sudden and unexpected change in interest rates as set out in any of the two supervisory shock scenarios set out in Article 78nj of this Decision, shall constitute a large decline for the purpose of Article 246 paragraph 5 of the Law. (2) For the decline set out in paragraph 1 of this Article to be calculated, the following formulae shall be applied:
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜 −𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑠 𝑇𝑇 1 𝐶𝐶 < −2,5%“.
Article 18
After Article 78t, a new chapter and four new Articles shall be added, worded as follows:
“VI.a CREDIT SPREAD RISK FROM NON-TRADING BOOK ACTIVITIES (CSRBB) Credit spread risk from non-trading book activities (CSRBB)
Article 78u
(1) Credit spread risk from non-trading book activities (CSRBB) is a risk driven by changes of the market price for credit risk, for liquidity and for potentially other characteristics of credit-risky instruments, which is not captured by another existing prudential framework such as IRRBB or by expected credit/(jump-to-) default risk. (2) CSRBB captures the risk of an instrument’s changing spread while assuming the same level of creditworthiness, i.e. how the credit spread is moving within a certain rating/PD range. (3) CSRBB captures a combination of two elements:

the changes of the “market credit spread” or “market price of credit risk” (distinct
from the idiosyncratic credit spread) representing the credit risk premium required by market participants for a given credit quality;
the changes of the “market liquidity spread” representing the liquidity premium that
sparks market appetite for investments and presence of willing buyers and sellers. (4) CSRBB does not include the effect of credit quality changes during the observation period (i.e., rating category downgrade/upgrade of a specific counterparty or instrument, considered as migration risk). In particular, the deterioration of a credit institution’s credit quality should not have any positive impact on the credit spread risk measure. A credit institution should avoid any overlap with the credit valuation adjustment risk management framework when assessing the CSRBB.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 36 (5) CSRBB shall exclude non-performing exposures. (6) When assessing changes in credit risk premium and liquidity premium movements, a credit institution may consider currency specific dimensions (i.e., EUR, USD, etc.) as a relevant dimension for market credit spread and market liquidity margin. (7) A credit institution should not exclude any instrument in the banking book from the perimeter of CSRBB ex ante, including assets, liabilities, derivatives and other offbalance sheet items such as loan commitments, irrespective of their accounting treatment. Any potential exclusion of instruments from the relevant perimeter should be done in the case of the absence of sensitivity to credit spread risk and should be appropriately documented and justified. In any case, a credit institution should not exclude assets accounted at fair value. (8) A credit institution shall include small trading book business, as defined by Article 103 of the Decision on Capital Adequacy of Credit Institutions, unless its credit spread risk is captured in another risk measure. CSRBB assessment framework and responsibilities
Article 78v
(1) A credit institution shall have in place a CSRBB management framework that establishes a clear line of responsibilities and that consists of policies, processes and internal controls including regular independent reviews and evaluations of the effectiveness of the framework. (2) A credit institution shall ensure that the arrangements, processes and mechanisms referred for the assessment of CSRBB are comprehensive and proportionate to the nature, scale and complexity of the risks inherent in the business model of the credit institution. (3) The CSRBB strategy of the credit institution, including the risk appetite for CSRBB should be part of the overall strategy, in particular the strategic objectives and risk objectives, which the management body must approve. (4) A credit institution shall implement robust internal measurement systems (IMSs) that capture all components and sources of CSRBB which are relevant for the credit institution’s business model. (5) A credit institution shall monitor its exposure to CSRBB in terms of potential changes to the different CSRBB measures. (6) A credit institution shall use complementary features of the different approaches to capture the complex nature of CSRBB over the short-term and long-term time horizons. (7) In particular, a credit institution should measure and monitor:

the overall impact of key modelling assumptions on the different CSRBB
measures, and
the CSRBB of its banking book derivatives where relevant for the business model.
Methods for monitoring CSRBB
Article 78z
(1) A credit institution shall develop and use its own assumptions and calculation methods for the assessment of CSRBB, whereby the choice of measurement methodology must be adequate for the complexity of the credit institution itself. (2) The limitations of each quantitative tool and model used shall be fully understood by the credit institution, and these limitations should be taken into account in the CSRBB risk management process. (3) In assessing the CSRBB, a credit institution shall be aware of the risks that may arise as a consequence of accounting treatment of transactions in the non-trading book.. (4) By way of an exception, in the practical implementation of Article 78u paragraph 3 of this Decision and for proportionality reasons, a credit institution may include idiosyncratic credit spread components for the monitoring of CSRBB, as long as it is ensured that the measures will yield more conservative results. CSRBB monitoring assumptions
Article 78ž
(1) When measuring CSRBB, a credit institution shall fully understand and document key modelling assumptions that should be aligned with business strategies and be regularly tested. (2) A credit institution shall take into account the implications of accounting practices for the measurement of CSRBB, in particular for net interest income measures plus market value changes. (3) If the reliability and stability of diversification assumptions are appropriately validated and documented, diversification between CSRBB and IRRBB may be possible. Under the same condition, diversification assumptions between CSRBB and other risks may be possible. The diversification effects should be estimated conservatively enough to be assumed to be sufficiently stable even in economic downturns and under market conditions that are unfavourable for the credit institution’s business and risk structure. In any case institutions must have separate assessments of CSRBB and other risks (including IRRBB). (4) As market conditions, competitive environments and strategies change over time, a credit institution must review significant measurement assumptions at least annually, and more frequently during rapidly changing market conditions.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 39 “ANNEX 1a IRRBB MEASUREMENT METHODS (NON-EXHAUSTIVE LIST) Cash flow modelling Metric Description Risks captured Limitations of metric Unconditional cash flows (it is assumed that the maturity of cash flows is independent of the specific interest rate scenario) Net Interest Income-based:

Gap analysis:
Repricing gap
Focus on net
interest income
(NII) component:
Change of NII
Gap analysis allocates all relevant interest rate sensitive instruments into predefined time buckets according to their repricing or maturity dates, which are either contractually fixed or based on behavioural assumptions. It calculates the net positions (‘gaps’) in each time bucket. It approximates the change in net interest rate income ensuing from a yield curve shift by multiplying each net position with the corresponding interest rate change. Gap risk (only parallel risk)
The metric
approximates the gap risk only linearly.
It is based on the
assumption that all positions within a particular time bucket mature or reprice simultaneously.
It fails to
measure basis and option risk.
Economic value:
Duration
analysis:
Modified duration/PV01 of equity
The modified duration approximates the relative change in the net present value of a financial instrument due to a marginal parallel shift of the yield curve by one percentage point. The modified duration of equity measures the exposure of an institution to gap risk in its nontrading book. PV01 of equity is derived from the modified duration of equity and measures the absolute change of the Gap risk (only parallel risk)
The metric only
applies to marginal shifts of the yield curve. In the presences of convexities, it may underestimate the effect of larger interest rate movements.
It only applies to
parallel shifts of the yield curve..
It fails to measure
option risk and captures basis risk at best partially.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 40 Cash flow modelling Metric Description Risks captured Limitations of metric equity value resulting from a 1 basis point (0.01%) parallel shift of the yield curve. The starting point is the allocation of all cash flows of interest rate sensitive instruments into time buckets. For each instrument type, an appropriate yield curve is selected. The modified duration of each instrument is calculated from the change of its net present value due to a 1 percentage point parallel shift of the yield curve. The modified duration of equity is determined as the modified duration of assets times assets divided by equity minus the modified duration of liabilities times liabilities divided by equity. PV01 of equity is obtained by multiplying the modified duration of equity by the value of equity (i.e., assets minus liabilities) and dividing by 10 000 to arrive at the value change per basis point.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 41 Cash flow modelling Metric Description Risks captured Limitations of metric Partial modified duration/partial PV01 The partial modified duration of an instrument for a specific time bucket is calculated as the modified duration above, except that not the entire yield curve is shifted in parallel, but only the yield curve segment corresponding to the time bucket. These partial measures show the sensitivity of the market value of the banking book to a marginal shift of the yield curve in particular maturity segments. To each time bucket’s partial measure a different magnitude of a shift can be applied, such that the effect of a change of the yield curve’s shape can be computed for the entire portfolio. Gap risk (parallel and non-parallel risk)

The metric only
applies to marginal interest rate changes. In the presence of convexity, the metric may underestimate the effect of larger interest rate movements..
It fails to measure
the basis and option risk..
Cash flows partially or fully conditional on interest rate scenario (it is assumed that the timing of cash flows of options, of instruments with embedded, explicit options and – in more sophisticated approaches – of instruments of which the maturity depends on clients’ behaviour, is Net Interest Income-based:
Focus on net interest income
(NII) component:
Change of NII
The change of NII is an earnings-based metric and measures the change of the net interest income over a particular time horizon (usually 1-5 years) resulting from a sudden or gradual interest rate movement. The starting point is the mapping of all cash flows of interest rate sensitive instruments to (granular) time buckets (or using the exact repricing dates of individual positions in more sophisticated systems). The base scenario for the calculations reflects the institution’s current Gap risk (parallel and non-parallel), basis risk and, provided all cash flows are modelled scenario dependent, also option risk
Sensitivity of the
outcome to the modelling and behavioural assumptions.
Complexity.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 42 Cash flow modelling Metric Description Risks captured Limitations of metric modelled conditional on the interest rate scenario) corporate plan to project the volume, pricing and repricing dates of future business transactions. The interest rates used to calculate future cash flows in the base scenario are derived from forward rates, appropriate spreads or market expected rates for different instruments. In assessing the possible extent of NII changes, banks use assumptions and models to predict the path of interest rates, the maturing of existing assets, liabilities and offbalance-sheet items, and their potential replacement. Net interest incomebased metrics can be differentiated according to the sophistication of projecting future cash flows: simple run-off models assume that existing assets and liabilities mature without replacement; constant balance sheet models assume that maturing assets and liabilities are replaced by comparable instruments; while the most complex dynamic cash flow models reflect business responses to differing interest rate environments in the size and composition of the banking book. All earnings-based metrics can be used in a

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 43 Cash flow modelling Metric Description Risks captured Limitations of metric scenario or stochastic analysis. Earnings at risk (EaR) is an example of the latter, which measures the maximum NII change at a given confidence level. Economic value: Focus on economic value of equity (EVE)

Change in EVE
The change in EVE is the change in the net present value of all cash flows originating from banking book assets, liabilities and off-balance-sheet items resulting from a change in interest rates, assuming that all banking book positions run off. The interest rate risk can be assessed by the ∆EVE for specific interest rate scenarios or by the distribution of ∆EVE using Monte Carlo or historical simulations. Economic value at risk (EVaR) is an example of the latter, which measures the maximum equity value change for a given confidence level. Gap risk (parallel and non-parallel), basis risk and, if all cash flows are modelled scenario dependent, also option risk
Sensitivity of the
outcome to the modelling and behavioural assumptions.
Stochastic
metrics, which apply distributional assumption, may fail to capture tail risks and nonlinearities.
Full revaluation
Monte Carlo approaches are computationally demanding and may be difficult to interpret (‘black-box’).
Complexity

Repricing time buckets:

An overnight time bucket, with the mid-point of 1 day, or approximately 0.0028
years.
A time bucket exceeding 1 day and up to and including 1 month, with the
midpoint of 15 days.
A time bucket exceeding 1 month and up to and including 3 months, with the
mid-point of 60 days.
A time bucket exceeding 3 months and up to and including 6 months, with the
mid-point of 135 days.
A time bucket exceeding 6 month and up to and including 9 months, with the
mid-point of 225 days.
A time bucket exceeding 9 month and up to and including 12 months, with the
mid-point of 315 days.
A time bucket exceeding 1 year and up to and including 1.5 year, with the
midpoint of 1 year and 90 days.
A time bucket exceeding 1.5 year and up to and including 2 years, with the
midpoint of 1 year and 270 days.
A time bucket exceeding 2 years and up to and including 3 years, with the
midpoint of 2 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 3 years and up to and including 4 years, with the
midpoint of 3 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 4 years and up to and including 5 years, with the
midpoint of 4 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 5 years and up to and including 6 years, with the
midpoint of 5 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 6 years and up to and including 7 years, with the
midpoint of 6 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 7 years and up to and including 8 years, with the
midpoint of 7 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 8 years and up to and including 9 years, with the
midpoint of 8 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 9 years and up to and including 10 years, with the
midpoint of 9 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 10 years and up to and including 15 years, with the
midpoint of 12 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 15 years and up to and including 20 years, with the
midpoint of 17 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 20 years, with the mid-point of 25 years.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 45
2. Length of time buckets referred to in Article 78c paragraph 4 item 2 of this Decision
are as follows:

0 year.
1/12 year.
2/12 year.
3/12 year.
3/12 year.
3/12 year.
6/12 year.
6/12 year.
1 year.
10)1 year.
11)1 year.
12)1 year.
13)1 year.
14)1 year.
15)1 year.
16)5 years.
17)5 years.
18)5 years.
19)10 years.

Reference term time buckets:

A time bucket exceeding overnight up to and including 12 months, with the
midpoint of 12 months.
A time bucket exceeding 1 year and up to and including 1.5 year, with the midpoint
of 1 year and 90 days.
A time bucket exceeding 1.5 year and up to and including 2 years, with the midpoint
of 1 year and 270 days.
A time bucket exceeding 2 years and up to and including 3 years, with the midpoint
of 2 years and 180 days.
(e) A time bucket exceeding 3 years and up to and including 4 years, with the
midpoint of 3 years and 180 day.
A time bucket exceeding 4 years and up to and including 5 years, with the midpoint
of 4 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 5 years and up to and including 6 years, with the midpoint
of 5 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 6 years and up to and including 7 years, with the midpoint
of 6 years and 180 days.
A time bucket exceeding 7 years and up to and including 8 years, with the midpoint
of 7 years and 180 days.
10)A time bucket exceeding 8 years and up to and including 9 years, with the midpoint of 8 years and 180 days.

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 46 11)A time bucket exceeding 9 years and up to and including 10 years, with the midpoint of 9 years and 180 days. 12)A time bucket exceeding 10 years and up to and including 15 years, with the midpoint of 12 years and 180 days. 13)A time bucket exceeding 15 years and up to and including 20 years, with the midpoint of 17 years and 180 days. 14)A time bucket exceeding 20 years, with the mid-point of 25 years
4. For the purposes of Articles 78đ paragraph 1, 78h paragraph 2, 78i paragraph 1, 78j
paragraph 1 item 2 and 78l paragraph 1, the following repricing time buckets referred to in item 1 of this Annex shall be used in case of different net interest rate horizons:

Bucket (1) to (f) in case of a net interest horizon of 1 year.
Bucket (1) to (g) in case of a net interest horizon of 1.5 year.
Bucket (a) to (h) in case of a net interest horizon of 2 years.
Bucket (a) to (i) in case of a net interest horizon of 3 years.
Bucket (a) to (j) in case of a net interest horizon of 4 years.
Bucket (a) to (k) in case of a net interest horizon of 5 years.
Bucket (a) to (l) in case of a net interest horizon of 6 years.
Bucket (a) to (m) in case of a net interest horizon of 7 years.
Bucket (a) to (n) in case of a net interest horizon of 8 years.
Bucket (a) to (o) in case of a net interest horizon of 9 years.
Bucket (a) to (p) in case of a net interest horizon of 10 years.
Bucket (a) to (q) in case of a net interest horizon of 15 years.
Bucket (a) to (r) in case of a net interest horizon of 20 years.
Bucket (a) to (s) in case of a net interest horizon of 25 years.

Prescribed slotting simplified standardised approach.

Baseline scenario:
− Up to 5 years, for the category of retail transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b of this Decision, resulting in 30.77%, 1.15%, 2.31%, 3.46%, 3.46%, 3.46%, 6.92%, 6.92%, 13.85%, 13.85% and 13.85% of nonmaturity deposits of this category being slotted into time buckets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 referred to in item 1 of this Annex; − Up to 4.5 years, for the category of retail non-transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b of this Decision, resulting in 46.15%, 1.00%, 2.00%, 2.99%, 2.99%, 2.99%, 5.98%, 5.98%, 11.97%, 11.97% and 5.98% of non-maturity deposits of this category being slotted into time buckets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 referred to in item 1 of this Annex; − Up to 4 years, for the category of wholesale non-financial non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b of this Decision, resulting in 61.54%, 0.80%, 1.60%, 2.40%, 2.40%, 2.40%, 4.81%, 4.81%, 9.62%, and 9.62% of non-maturity

[unofficial translation]
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions (OGM 62/24) 47 deposits of this category being slotted into time buckets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 referred to in item 1 of this Annex.
2) Decrease of short-term interest rates:
− Up to 5 years, for the category of retail transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b of this Decision, resulting in 10.00%, 1.50%, 3.00%, 4.50%, 4.50%, 4.50%, 9.00%, 9.00%, 18.00%, 18.00% and 18.00% of nonmaturity deposits of this category being slotted into time buckets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 referred to in item 1 of this Annex; − Up to 4.5 years, for the category of retail non-transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b of this Decision, resulting in 30.00%, 1.30%, 2.59%, 3.89%, 3.89%, 3.89%, 7.78%, 7.78%, 15.55%, 15.55% and 7.78% of non-maturity deposits of this category being slotted into time buckets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 referred to in item 1 of this Annex; − Up to 4 years, for the category of wholesale non-financial non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b of this Decision, resulting in 50.00%, 1.04%, 2.08%, 3.12%, 3.12%, 3.12%, 6.25%, 6.25%, 12.51%, and 12.51% of non-maturity deposits of this category being slotted into time buckets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 referred to in item 1 of this Annex.
3) Increase of short-term interest rates:
− Up to 5 years, for the category of retail transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b of this Decision, resulting in 51.54%, 0.81%, 1.62%, 2.42%, 2.42%, 2.42%, 4.85%, 4.85%, 9.69%, 9.69% and 9.69% of non-maturity deposits of this category being slotted into time buckets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 referred to in item 1 of this Annex; − Up to 4.5 years, for the category of retail non-transactional non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b of this Decision, resulting in 62.31%, 0.70%, 1.39%, 2.09%, 2.09%, 2.09%, 4.19%, 4.19%, 8.38%, 8.38% and 4.19% of nonmaturity deposits of this category being slotted into time buckets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 referred to in item 1 of this Annex; − Up to 4 years, for the category of wholesale non-financial non-maturity deposits referred to in Article 78b of this Decision, resulting in 73.08%, 0.56%, 1.12%, 1.68%, 1.68%, 1.68%, 3.37%, 3.37%, 6.73% and 6.73% of non-maturity deposits of this category being slotted into time buckets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 referred to in item 1 of this Annex. “

THE COUNCIL OF TE CENTRAL BANK OF MONTENEGRO

Decision number: 0101-5224-2/2024 CHAIRPERSON
Podgorica, 26 June 2024 G O V E R N O R,

Irena Radović m.p.

Decision amending the Decision on Minimum Standards for Risk Management in Credit Institutions

Lineage: In force

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