BS 8 - Connected Exposures Policy

Connected
Exposures Policy
Prudential Supervision Department
Document BS8
Issued: November 2015
Ref #4306105

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1. Locally incorporated banks are generally subject to standard conditions of
   registration relating to exposure to connected persons. This document sets out these standard requirements.
2. The Reserve Bank reserves the right to impose a non-standard condition of
   registration or to vary the standard condition of registration where special circumstances apply. For example, the Bank may consider it appropriate to impose a lower than normal connected lending limit on a bank that is undercapitalised relative to the levels of risk it is facing, but which is not in a position to raise additional capital.
3. Advances of a capital nature by a banking group to connected persons must be
   deducted from the banking group’s tier 1 capital. An advance will be considered to be of a capital nature if, in a connected person’s financial statements, it is described as a capital or subordinated debt instrument and/or it is counted as capital under the capital adequacy requirements imposed by a parent supervisor.
4. Aggregate credit exposures (of a non-capital nature and net of any allowances
   for impairment) of the banking group to all connected persons shall not exceed the rating-contingent limit outlined in the following matrix. Credit rating1 Connected exposure limit (% of the Banking Group’s Tier 1 capital) AA/Aa2 and above 75 AA-/Aa3 70 A+/A1 60 A/A2 40 A-/A3 30 BBB+/Baa1 and below 15 Within the rating-contingent limit, credit exposures (of a non-capital nature and net of any allowances for impairment) to non-bank connected persons shall not exceed 15 percent of the banking group’s tier 1 capital. For the purpose of compliance with the rating-contingent limit:
   (a) The credit rating will be the rating applicable to the bank’s long-term senior unsecured New Zealand dollar obligations payable in New Zealand, in New Zealand dollars. Where a bank has more than one credit rating, the lowest rating will be used in determining the connected exposure limit. (b) Only credit ratings produced by rating agencies approved by the Reserve Bank may be used. Those agencies are: Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s Investor Services and Fitch Ratings. (The Reserve Bank’s “Statement of 1 The rating scales in this column are presented as “Standard & Poor’s scale/Moody’s Investor Services scale,” noting that Fitch Ratings’ scale is identical to Standard & Poor’s. Ref #4306105 BS8 November 2015

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Principles” (BS1), in particular Appendix Three of BS1, provides details on the approval of credit rating agencies.) (c) A three-month grace period starting from the date of a credit rating downgrade will be allowed for the limit which applies before the downgrade to reduce to the new limit based on the above matrix. The Reserve Bank will consider allowing an extension of the limit adjustment period if a bank has structural reasons for not being able to comply within the three-month period. The limit extension would be for a specific time period (but no longer than an additional three months). (d) “Tier 1 capital”— (i) for a bank that is accredited by the Reserve Bank to use the internal ratings-based approach to credit risk for capital adequacy purposes, has the same meaning as in the Reserve Bank document “Capital Adequacy Framework (Internal Models Based Approach)” (BS2B), in the version applying to the bank in its conditions of registration; or (ii) for any other bank, has the same meaning as in the Reserve Bank document “Capital Adequacy Framework (Standardised Approach)” (BS2A), in the version applying to the bank in its conditions of registration. (e) “Connected person” means any person, other than a government of a country which is a member of the Organisation for Economic Co￾operation and Development, which is:
(i) an owner (which means any person who has a substantial interest in the registered bank), or (ii) an entity in which an owner has a substantial interest (other than the registered bank and entities in which the registered bank itself has a substantial interest), or (iii) a person which has a substantial interest in an owner, or (iv) a director of the registered bank. (f) A person has a “substantial interest” in an entity if that person:
(i) holds (whether directly or indirectly) more than 20 percent of the issued securities of an entity, other than securities that carry no right to participate beyond a specified amount in a distribution of either profits or capital; or (ii) is entitled to receive (whether directly or indirectly) more than 20 percent of every dividend (or, in the case of an entity which is not Ref #4306105 BS8 November 2015

4 a company, distributions of a similar nature) paid on securities issued by the entity, other than securities that carry no right to participate beyond a specified amount in a distribution of either profits or capital; or (iii) is in a position to exercise, or control the exercise of, more than 20 percent of the maximum number of votes that can be exercised at a meeting of an entity or the owners of the entity; or (iv) controls or significantly influences the composition of the board of the entity, or, if the entity does not have a board of directors, the body which has the power to manage or direct or supervise the management of the business and affairs of the company. (g) In determining whether a person has a substantial interest in an entity, sections 7 and 8 of the Companies Act 1993 shall apply with all necessary modifications. (h) “Non-bank connected person” means any connected person other than a bank or an entity in which a bank has a substantial interest. (i) “Credit exposure” means the amount of the maximum loss that a party to a contract could incur as a result of the counterparty to that contract failing to discharge its obligations, without taking into account the value of collateral, guarantees, indemnities, other support arrangements, and any potential recoveries, and excluding contingent exposures arising as a result of risk lay-offs to a bank owner. (i) In respect of a market-related contract, maximum loss means the credit equivalent amount of the contract, determined— (A) for a bank that is accredited by the Reserve Bank to use the internal ratings-based approach to credit risk for capital adequacy purposes, in accordance with the Reserve Bank document “Capital Adequacy Framework (Internal Models Based Approach)” (BS2B), in the version applying to the bank in its conditions of registration; or (B) for any other bank, in accordance with the Reserve Bank document “Capital Adequacy Framework (Standardised Approach)” (BS2A), in the version applying to the bank in its conditions of registration. (ii) For any other contract, maximum loss means the full value of the contract; provided that a financial liability may not be offset against any such loss even if to do so would accord with generally accepted accounting practice, where “generally accepted accounting practice” has the same meaning as in section 8 of the Financial Reporting Act 2013. Ref #4306105 BS8 November 2015

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Netting
In certain circumstances, however, credit exposures to connected persons can be calculated on a bilateral net basis. Regulatory recognition of netting arrangements for purposes of the connected exposures policy is limited to netting pursuant to a robust industry standard netting agreement. The International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) Master Agreement is considered a robust netting agreement. A copy of that netting agreement must be furnished to the Reserve Bank prior to implementation for the purposes of netting under this policy. The Reserve Bank may consider other industry standard netting agreements to be designated as a robust netting agreement for purposes of the connected exposures policy. There is a limit on aggregate gross exposures of the banking group to connected persons. Aggregate gross exposures to connected persons must not exceed 125% of the banking group’s tier one capital. The aggregate gross exposures shall comprise of the gross amount for netting in line with a robust industry standard netting agreement plus any exposures that cannot be netted. Any exposures after netting (i.e. the unnetted amount) shall then be capped by the applicable rating contingent limit above. (j) “Securities” shall have the same meaning as in the Reserve Bank of New Zealand Act 1989. (k) The term person includes a corporation sole, a company or other body corporate (whether incorporated in New Zealand or elsewhere), an unincorporated body of persons and a public body.
5. Exposures to connected persons shall not be on more favourable terms (e.g. as
relates to such matters as credit assessment, tenor, interest rates, amortisation schedules, requirement for collateral) than corresponding exposures to non￾connected persons. Ref #4306105 BS8 November 2015