Individual decision · SEC · 29 Jun 2018
The Division of Corporation Finance grants Morgan Stanley and Morgan Stanley Finance LLC a waiver from ineligible issuer status under Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933, allowing them to retain Well-Known Seasoned Issuer benefits despite a cease-and-desist Order against subsidiary Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC. The waiver is conditioned on MSSB's compliance with the Order, which requires it to cease and desist from violating Section 206(4) of the Investment Advisers Act and Rule 206(4)-7, pay a $3.6 million civil money penalty, and implement specific remedial undertakings including initial and final certifications of enhanced anti-fraud policies within six-month intervals. The Division determined that good cause exists for the waiver because the underlying misconduct involved a former financial adviser's misappropriation of client funds, did not involve Morgan Stanley's securities disclosures, and did not reflect scienter or intentional misconduct by the parent issuer.
June 29, 2018
Elizabeth Marino, Esq.
Sidley Austin LLP
60 State Street
36th Floor
Boston, MA 02109
Re: Morgan Stanley Certain Unauthorized Transactions Morgan Stanley and Morgan Stanley Finance LLC – Waiver Request of Ineligible Issuer Status under Rule 405 of the Securities Act Dear Ms. Marino:
This is in response to your letter dated June 29, 2018, written on behalf of Morgan Stanley (“MS”) and Morgan Stanley Finance LLC (“MSFL”) and constituting an application for relief from MS and MSFL being considered “ineligible issuer[s]” under clause (1)(vi) of the definition of ineligible issuer in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (“Securities Act”). MS and MSFL request relief from being considered ineligible issuer(s) under Rule 405, due to the entry on June 29, 2018 of a Commission Order (“Order”) pursuant to Section 15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Sections 203(e) and 203(k) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”) against Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC (“MSSB”). The Order requires that, among other things, MSSB cease and desist from committing or causing any violations and any future violations of Section 206(4) of the Advisers Act and Rule 206(4)-7 thereunder. Based on the facts and representations in your letter, and assuming MSSB complies with the Order, we have determined that MS and MSFL have made a showing of good cause under clause (2) of the definition of ineligible issuer in Rule 405 and that MS and MSFL will not be considered ineligible issuers by reason of the entry of the Order. Accordingly, the relief described above from MS and MSFL being ineligible issuers under Rule 405 of the Securities Act is hereby granted. Any different facts from those represented or failure to comply with the terms of the Order would require us to revisit our determination that good cause has been shown and could constitute grounds to revoke or further condition the waivers. The Commission reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to revoke or further condition the waivers under those circumstances. For the Commission, by the Division of Corporation Finance, pursuant to delegated authority. Sincerely, /s/ Tim Henseler Chief, Office of Enforcement Liaison Division of Corporation Finance
SIDLEY AUSTIN LLP
60 STATE STREET SIDLEY 36TH FLOOR
BOSTON, MA 02109
+1 617 223 0300
+1 617 223 0301 FAX
EMARINO@SIDLEY.COM
+1 617 223 0362
AMERICA • ASIA PACIFIC • EUROPE
June 29, 2018
By Email
Chief, Office of Enforcement Liaison
Division of Corporation Finance
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
I 00 F Street NE
Washington, DC 20549
Re: In the Matter ofMorgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC Dear Mr. Henseler:
We are writing on behalf of Morgan Stanley ("Morgan Stanley") and Morgan Stanley Finance LLC ("MSFL") (collectively, "MS") in connection with Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC's ("MSSB") anticipated settlement with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC" or "Commission") relating to In the Matter ofMorgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC. The settlement will result in an Order Instituting Administrative and Cease-andDesist Proceedings Pursuant to Section 15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") and Sections 203(e) and 203(k) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 ("Advisers Act"), Making Findings, and Imposing Remedial Sanctions and a Cease-and-Desist Order (the "Order") against MSSB. Morgan Stanley is a publicly traded company listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is a reporting company under the Exchange Act. Morgan Stanley qualifies as a "well-known seasoned issuer" ("WKSI") as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933 ("Securities Act"). MSFL is a wholly-owned finance subsidiary of Morgan Stanley, and securities issued by MSFL are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Morgan Stanley. We respectfully request a waiver from the Division of Corporation Finance (the "Division"), acting pursuant to its delegated authority, or the Commission itself determining that it is not necessary under the circumstances that MS would be considered an "ineligible issuer," as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act, as a result of the Commission entering the Order, which is described below. Consistent with the framework outlined in the Division's Revised Statement on Well-Known Seasoned Issuer Waivers (April 24, 2014) ("Revised Statement"), there is good cause for the Division, on behalf of the Commission, or the Commission itself to grant the requested waiver, as discussed below. We request that the determination that MS not be considered an ineligible issuer be made effective upon entry ofthe Order. Sidley Austin (NY) LLP is a Delaware limited liability partnership doing business as Sidley Austin LLP and practicing in affiliation with other Sidley Austin partnerships.
SIDLEY
I. BACKGROUND
MSSB expects to submit an Offer of Settlement that will agree to the Order, which will be presented by the staff to the Commission. MSSB is dually registered with the Commission as a broker-dealer and investment adviser. MSSB is a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Morgan Stanley. The Order will arise out of (1) MSSB's failure to adopt policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent MSSB personnel from misusing and misappropriating funds in client accounts, by permitting investment adviser representatives and registered representatives (referred to as "FAs") to initiate third-party disbursements from client accounts of outgoing wire transfers and journals ofup to $100,000 per day per account based on the FA's attestation on an internal electronic form that the FA had received a verbal request from the client by phone or inperson and providing certain details about the request; and (ii) MSSB's failure to detect or prevent a FA from misappropriating funds from client accounts over an approximate one year period resulting in a failure to reasonably supervise the FA. The Order will find that MSSB (i) willfully violated Section 206(4) of the Advisers Act and Rule 206(4)-7 thereunder, and (ii) failed reasonably to supervise one FA, within the meaning of Section 203(e)(6) ofthe Advisers Act, with a view to preventing his violations of Sections 206(1) and 206(2) of the Advisers Act. Without admitting or denying the findings in the Order, except as to the Commission's jurisdiction over MSSB and the subject matter of the proceeding, MSSB will consent to the issuance ofthe Order and to (i) cease and desist from committing or causing any violations and any future violations of Section 206(4) ofthe Advisers Act and Rule 206(4)-7 thereunder, (ii) be censured, (iii) pay a civil money penalty in the amount of $3 .6 million, and (iv) comply with certain undertakings.
II. DISCUSSION
A WKSI is eligible to utilize many important reforms in the securities offering and communication processes that the Commission adopted in 2005. Among other things, a WKSI can register securities for offer and sale under an automatic shelf registration statement, which becomes effective upon filing and is also eligible for the other benefits ofthe streamlined registration process, such as the ability to file automatically effective post-effective amendments to register additional securities and pay registration filing fees on a "pay as you go" basis.
SIDLEY
Furthermore, a WKSI is also able to communicate more freely than a non-WKSI during the offering process, including through the use of non-term sheet free writing prospectuses. The Commission also created another category of issuer under Rule 405 - the "ineligible issuer." A company that is an "ineligible issuer" loses all of the benefits bestowed on a WKSI, including, and most imp01iantly, the ability to utilize an automatic shelf registration statement and to use free writing prospectuses (except in very limited circumstances). An issuer is an ineligible issuer if"[w]ithin the past three years ... the issuer or any entity that at the time was a subsidiary of the issuer was made the subject of any judicial or administrative decree or order arising out of a governmental action that: (A) prohibits certain conduct or activities regarding, including future violations of, the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws; (B) requires that the person cease and desist from violating the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws; or (C) determines that the person violated the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws." 1 The entry ofthe Order against MSSB will render MS an ineligible issuer under Rule 405. As a result, absent a waiver from the disqualification, MS would no longer be able to utilize the benefits of WKSI status. The Commission retains the authority under Rule 405 to determine "upon a showing of good cause, that it is not necessary under the circumstances that the issuer be considered an ineligible issuer."2 The Commission has delegated the authority to the Division to make such a determination.3 In the Revised Statement, the Division stated that it will consider the following factors in determining whether to grant a waiver:
SIDLEY
SIDLEY securities or in its filings with the Commission. Furthermore, no senior executive officers of MSSB or MS were involved in the conduct underlying the Order. In our view, none of the conduct described in the Order implicates in any way the ability of MS to issue reliable disclosures. B. The Order Is Not Criminal in Nature or Involve Scienter-Based Fraud The Revised Statement indicates that the Division "will review whether the conduct involved a criminal conviction or scienter-based violation as opposed to a civil or administrative non-scienter based violation." The Order does not involve a criminal conviction and does not state that MSSB acted with scienter or intent to defraud. In particular, the violations found in the Order, which trigger disqualification, are Section 206(4) of the Advisers Act and Rule 206(4)-7 thereunder, which are non-scienter based anti-fraud provisions.
C. The Persons Responsible for the Misconduct and the Duration ofthe Misconduct
The Commission has not charged any individuals currently associated with MSSB with violations in connection with the conduct underlying the Order, and we understand that no such charges are forthcoming. Rather, the Order will find that MSSB's former FA was responsible for the misconduct at issue and that MSSB failed to adopt policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent MSSB personnel from misusing and misappropriating funds in client accounts. Upon learning ofthe FA's misconduct, MSSB promptly terminated the FA. The FA was not involved in the preparation ofMS disclosures as an issuer of securities or in its filings and there was no sharing of functions between the FA and persons at MS. The FA's misconduct occurred over a period of nearly a year. Upon learning of the FA's misconduct, MSSB promptly terminated the FA. Furthermore, as detailed below in section II.D, MSSB has also taken substantial remedial steps, on its own initiative, to address the conduct at issue in the Order and will take additional remedial steps to comply with the undertakings in the Order. D. Remedial Steps MSSB has taken substantial remedial steps, on its own initiative, to address the conduct at issue in the Order and it will take additional remedial steps to comply with the undertakings in the Order. As noted in the Order, a representative of the defrauded clients contacted MSSB questioning transactions in their accounts. MSSB promptly conducted an internal investigation,
SIDLEY terminated the FA and reported the fraud to the SEC and other law enforcement agencies. MSSB entered into settlement agreements with the defrauded clients in which MSSB fully repaid the clients plus interest. As noted above, MSSB has developed the Enhanced MSSB Policies, increased its anti-fraud program expenditures and hired additional fraud operations personnel. The Enhanced MSSB Procedures include increased client contact, independent client call backs on a risk-based and randomly-sampled basis, revisions to the calibration ofits fraud software, and other new or revised internal surveillance procedures. In particular, MSSB:
SIDLEY
In connection with the Order, MSSB also will agree to implement certain undertakings, including the following:
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E. Previous Actions
MSFL and/or Morgan Stanley have previously been granted waivers regarding their WKSI status in the following instances:
SIDLEY charged to a particular fund by the fund's Malaysian sub-adviser and representations made to investors and the fund's board of directors regarding the nature of the services provided by the sub-adviser. MSIM served as the primary investment adviser to the fund.
SIDLEY addition, many Morgan Stanley institutional and retail clients seek to purchase investment products that are structured to meet the specific investment goals ofthose clients. These structured products are securities issued by MS and are often sold in offerings registered with the SEC using Morgan Stanley's automatic shelfregistration statement, as described further below. Consequently, the ability to avail itself of automatic shelfregistration and the other benefits available to a WKSI is extremely important to MS's ability to raise capital, conduct its operations and operate client-facing businesses. As an ineligible issuer, MS would, among other things, lose the ability to:
SIDLEY approximately $68,018,153,632.50. MS uses its automatic shelfregistration statement to offer and sell three principal categories of securities.5
SIDLEY commonplace following the securities offering reforms adopted by the Commission in 2005. For example, if MS was unable to use ce1tain free writing prospectuses, certain third-party dealers may refuse to sell its structured notes due to their marketing documentation requirements. Accordingly, certain MS lines of business would encounter significant difficulty ifthe benefits of WKSI status described above became unavailable. The ability to avail itself ofthese benefits is extremely important to MS's ability to raise capital efficiently and conduct its operations. As noted, these WKSI benefits are also important to a number of MS's investment client-facing businesses as they allow them to efficiently offer structured products and provide educational materials to clients about their terms, in the same manner as other peers in these markets. Denial ofthis request would hinder necessary access to the capital markets and these client-facing investment markets by significantly increasing the time, labor, and cost ofsuch access, a result that would be inequitable to its shareholders and its clients.
III. CONCLUSION
We respectfully submit that the Division, on behalfofthe Commission, or the Commission itself should grant the request for this waiver because the Order does not find violations ofscienter-based fraud or involve criminal conduct; the Order does not find disclosure violations by MSSB, Morgan Stanley or MSFL; and MSSB has undertaken extensive remedial actions, on its own initiative, to enhance its compliance program. Additionally, MSSB has fully cooperated with the Division ofEnforcement in connection with its investigation. In light of these considerations, MS respectfully submits that it has shown good cause that it is not necessary under the circumstances that MS be considered an ineligible issuer. Accordingly, we request that the Division, on behalf of the Commission, or the Commission itself make the determination that there is good cause for MS not to be considered an ineligible issuer as a result of the Order. If you have any questions regarding any ofthe foregoing, please do not hesitate to contact me at 617-223-0362. Very truly yours,
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The documents this one cites, and the documents that cite it.
“Sections 203(e) and 203(k) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 ('Advisers Act')”
“Order Instituting Administrative and Cease-and-Desist Proceedings Pursuant to Section 15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934”
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