SEC Division of Investment Management staff letter: Depository Clearing Company

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20549
DIVISION OF
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
December 19, 1997
Am :rcA
8EOTIoN -----
VIA FACSTh1ILE AND AIR MAIL RULE 175: -, S"
, Mr. Igox: Moryakov, 1st Vice President PUBLIC I ,.., I I Or I 0. '1 Depository Clearing Company AVAILABILITY 1412, BId. 4, Staraya Basmannaya St. Moscow 103064 RUSSIA Dear Mr. Moryakov:
This letter is in response to your letter of October 24, 1997, asking the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("Commission") to consider the Depository Clearing Company ("DCC") to be an eligible foreign custodian for assets of U.S.-registered management investment (:Ompanies ("funds").' In your letter, you explain that nee .seeks to provide market,participants, such as U.S.-registered funds, with clearing and settlement selVices based on delivery-versus￾payment principles. To do so, nec must temporarily hold market participants' securities in DCC's nominee name, and accordjngly, DCC must be an eligible foreign custodian to provide such selVices to U.S.-registered funds.
Section 17(t) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 ("1940 Act") sets forth the
custodial requirements for U~S>registeredfunds, Rule 17f-5 thereunder pe~.funds to maintain their assets with certain categories of eligible foreign custodians. "Amended Rule 17f-5(a)(2)(iii) defineS the term "eligible foreign custodian" to include a "securlties depository .or clearing agency that a~ as a system for the central handling of securities or equivalent book-entries in the countiy that is regulated by a foreign ~cia1 regulatory', authority. II 11 11 Amended Rule 17f-5 no longer requires that the centralized securities depository or clearing agency be the only such system in a country.
Section 3(a)(23)(A) of the Securities Exchange Act' of 1934 defines "clearing agency"
generally as an intermediary that makes payments and/or deliveries in connection with transactions in securities. The term includes any entity,' such as a securities depository, that (1) acts as a custodian of securities in connection with a system for '

Mr. Igor Moryakov
December 19, 1997
Rule 17f-5 is self-operative and does not require any foreign institution that satisfies the definition of "eligible foreign custodian" to obtain the prior approval of the Commission before serving as an eligible foreign custodian for U.S.-registered funds. Thus, based on your representations that DCC is a clearing agency that acts as a system for the central handling of securities (or book entries) in Russia, and that DCC is regulated by the Federal Commission on Securities Markets, it appears that DCC would meet the defmition of an "eligible foreign custodian," and would not need the approval of the Commission to provide custodial services to U.S. funds. If you have any further questions, please contact me at (202) 942-0660 or [FAX] (202) 942-9659. Sincerely, ~J:~ Veena K. Jain Staff Attorney Office of Chief Counsel the central handling of securities whereby all securities of a particular class or series of an issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be transferred, loaned, or pledged by bookkeeping without physical delivery of securities certificates, or (2) otherwise permits or facilitates the settlement of securities without physical delivery of securities certificates. Rule 17f-4 defines a "securities depository" as a "system for the central handling of securities where all securities of any particular class or series of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of the securities." Rule 17f-5(a)(2)(iii) refers t<? both securities depositories and clearing agencies because a foreign securities depository may be known as a "clearing agency" in certain countries. See Investment Company Act Ret No. 13724 at n. 31 (Jan. 17, ) 1984) (reproposing Rule 17f-5).

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Depository-et~~ring Company Dec 103064, Moscow, Staraya Basmannaya st., 14/2, bldA , ....,,; .';.;plt. ,- Tel: (095) 956-0999 1 •• '""~' -. ;:•• _~ ,-. ~'<,~:- ,-' . -f<"'~ Fax: (095) ~2-6804 1;' ,lillI--. "':;:'{'nf!'Cf.;; E-Mail: dcc@dcc.msk.ru.·, .. " October 24, 1997 Ms. Kern McMillan i'!-.

Division of Investment Management ". ,"-' ,..

United States Securities and Exchange Commission

450 5th St., N.W.

Washington, DC 20549

Dear Ms. McMillan,
During this year we have been in correspondence with John O'Hanlon and Ester Saverson concerning an issue on whether Depository Clearing Company (DCC) needs to apply for a "No Action Letter" or not in regard of our clearing and settlement services so that US institutional investors can invest in our eligible companies. Following our recent telephone conversation with Ester Saverson we are sending you the following description of our operations that will give you, we hope, a better understanding as to what DC,C does, where we are going, and why we would like to be considered by the US SEC as a foreign eligible custodian in Russia. The current situation in the Russian equities market attests to an urgent need for creation of unified clearing, settlement and safekeeping mechanism which will reduce risks, costs and time for trade settlement. We believe that the only effective way to solve this problem is to provide market participants with clearing and settlement services based on safe and internationally accepted Delivery-Versus-Payment (DVP) principles. In order to do this, a:
central clearing and settlement organization is needed and we believe that DCC has the biggest potential to become such an organization. DCC's shareholders include major Russian and foreign custodians and broker/dealer companies who already use DCC as the central re￾registration agent in the Russian market. At the current time, the majority of the traded securities in Russia belong to foreign institutional investors and we expect that more foreign institutions will enter the market. Many of these institutions are regulated by the US SEG--and, as a result, mt,lst use custodians who meet SEC requirements. In order for DCC to fulfil its main aim of providing clearing and settlement services based on DVP, DCC must temporary hold market participants' securities in DCC nominee name. Therefore, in order to successfully introduce clearing and settlement services based on DVP throughout the Russian market, foreign institutional investors must be prepared to use DCC as a custodian. This appeared to be almost impossible under the former version of regulation 17 f-5 of the United States Investment Compa:ntes Act which required that in order to meet this regulation DCC must have capital of at least US$200 million. At the current time DCC has paid-in capital of US$I.8 million, which will probably increased by US$0.5-1.0 million in the near future. We also understand, however, that after amendments made to the Rule 17 f-5 it is fund boards' responsibility to select and monitor foreign custodians without obtaining a no￾action letter from the US SEC.

But we are still receiving requests from our foreign clients to clarify what our current status is withregard to the new Rule 17 f-5, and what we need to do-to give confidence to American institutions that they can invest in our eligible companies. This is why we are writing to you to seek your advice on the possibility of DCC to be considered by the US SEC as a foreign eligible custodian which is a clearing agency that acts as a system for the central handling of securities (or book-entries) in Russia and is regulated by the Federal Commission on Securities Market. DCC expresses its willingness to cooperate with the US SEC on this issue and provide you with all of the information about the measures which we are taking to ensure safety of providing depository services to foreign investors. We have contacted people from several organizations (NYSE, IFC, NSCC, Chase Manhattan, Credit Suisse, Barents Group KPMG and others) who participate in an international Expert Council of DCC (the list of members is attached in the description) and they have expressed their willingness to assist us in proceeding with our work with the SEC. I hope that you will not mind to receive calls or take references from these people who really care about the development of the securities market in Russia. They may give you some additional details and insights which may be important for the SEC in considering our issues. Thank you very much for your time and consideration. If you will have any questions we would be. happy to assist you in any issue. Hope to hearing from you soon, w~.. will try to contact you later next week. Sincerely, Depository Mikhail Igor Moryakov President 1st Vice President Cc: Mr. Ester Saverson, Jr.

Office of International Affairs, US SEC

DEPOSITORY CLEARING COMPANY

Background - Current Proble'msofRussian Equities Market

Infrastructure Development

The main factor in the development of the Russian securities market in the year 1997 is' the need ·of the largest Russian issuers in financing in the capital markets, both international and domestic. The possibilities and scale of financing in the capital markets are to a great extent determined by the state and efficiency of the Russian securities market infrastructure. Only the creation of a unified infrastructure for the trading, clearing, settlement, and safekeeping of securities may solve the problem of effective securities market development. In this regard, the development of an efficient system for clearing and settlement oftransactions is of greatest importance. I A dramatic increase in the trading volume on the market has demonstrated this. The absence of a clearing and settlement system is the main impediment to further groWth in trading volume and liquidity and efficiency of the market as a whole. It has become evident that many market participants are increasingly dissatisfied with the progress made to date in the area of clearing and settlement. This dissatisfaction has manifested itself in increasingly frequent discussions of various clearing and settlement schemes. But it is important that the various alternatives for clearing and settlement systems be evaluated not solely on technical merits but against a full set of requirements as set forth by participants. At this point market participants have come to agreement on a list of basic conditions for a system to effect clearing and settlement which shall be functional and reliable. In general, these criteria can .be broken into three main groups: the functional-operational capabilities of the system; security; and ability of the system to grow. Below is the "detailed list of stated requirements by groups.

1. Functional arid operational capabilities. The system should provide:

• delivery versus payment, resulting in decreased credit risk
• a reduction of settlement costs
• faster settlement
• an open client policy, but at the same time the system should take into account
  issues of risk management which can be resolved by introducirig certain financial requirements to the members ofthe system
• maximum number of eligible issues
• access from any location, thus implying an open regional policy
• sufficiently fast and simple method of reconciliation with the registrar, meaning the
  possibility to find the beneficial securities owner while executing a batch of consecutive transactions
• ability to work with non-resident accounts
• compliance with international standards of settlement procedures

2. Security ofthe organization implementing the selected system shall be based on:

• high degree offinancial and legal responsibility
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• maintenance of complete confidentiality - a requirement to be applied to all
  employees ofthe organization

• high control over operations, including:

• immediate and operative control by the users over the organization activities
  which directly affect their interests

• strong and credible internal and external audit procedures

• protection of the users against domination and possible full control,. over the
  organization by one firm or a group of member-firms

• capable top management who shall be experienced in the sphere of clearing and
  settlement services" _ll~lVe a. clear Ul).der~tanding of the problems and development directions of this sphere, have authority with the market participants, display initiative, build relations with customers on the prin,ciple of confidence and respect for their interests

• efficient management systems and competence of the personnel

3. Ability of the system to develop and grow implies its ability, in the future, to:

• handle high trade volumes with fast settlements

• serve all categories of market participants regardless of investment size and location

• execute multilateral securities and funds netting between participants
  An effective clearing and settlement organization must comply not only with formal requirements of the Russian regulatory authorities (Federal Commission of the Securities Market for non-bank depositories and the Central Bank of Russia for banks), but also take into account the requirements of foreign regulators (SEC and similar organizations) and clients (both Russian and foreign). The requirements of clients and foreign regulators may include:

• Diverse ownership structure (consisting of large financial institutions serious in developing a
  clearing and settlement organization and market infrastructure)

• Sound credit history (without serious incidents of not executing fiduciary responsibility
  including loss of securities) and audit report from an international auditor

• Possibility to provide clearing and settlement services on the basis of DVP jointly with a .
  settlement bank chosen by market participants

• Financial support for the development stage from independent sources (multinational
  institutions such as IFC, EBRD, World Bank, USAID etc.)

• Necessary approval from foreign regulators (such as "No Action"-letter from SEC)

• Insurance coverage from an internationally respected institution to insure risks (preferably from
  Lloyds market) based on a risk management survey made by a risk audit company, approved by ) insurers (such as WBK International) !.

• Expert assessment, from large foreign and international clearing and settlement organizations, of
  the procedures for keeping securities and settlement (such as DTC, NSCC, Euroclear, Cedel etc.)

• Constant dialogue and collaboration with infrastructure organizations representing the interests

of market professionals (such as NAUFOR and PARTAD (Association for Registrars, Transfer

Agents and Depositories)) and their members

The majority of market participants have come to a conclusion that a centralized "clearing and settlement system will be the most effective means" to meet the basic conditions and requirements . set out above. The Depository Clearing Company (DCC) could be used as a starting point for such a system. Introduction to Dee The Depository Clearing Company (DCC) was founded in October, 1993 to provide,settlement and depository services for professional market participants. The DCC has had a somewhat difficult history. One year ago, the chances for DCC to survive, let , alone to flourish, were very slim. However, several developments over the past year point to DCC's' . future success. The new team of managers of DCC, appointed last year, has restructured the management system, developed a strategic development plan of DCC and undertaken measures for cleaning up legal and financial problems of the company. Specialists of DCC developed rules, procedures, automated systems and conducted training programs to develop qualified personnel and to ensure the highest quality of services. The current organizational structure of DCC is represented in Appendix 6. Today DCC is a growing closed joint stock company that is continually expanding its members/shareholders. DCC shareholders are comprised of major Russian and Western investment companies and banks, including such financial institutions as: Sberbank, Vneshtorgbank, Uneximbank, Troika-Dialog, Kreditanstalt-Grant, Rinaco-Plus, Renaissance Capital, Credit Suisse, Chase Manhattan, Deutsche Morgan Grenfell, ABN Amro and other organizations influencing the development of the securities market in Russia. Two of the most influential infrastructure organizations of market participants - the National Association of the Stock Market Participants (NAUFOR) and the Inter-Bank Credit Union (MKS), recently become shareholders. Representatives of the Federal Commission on Securities Market (Mr. Kolesnikov - First Deputy Chairman) and the Central Bank of Russia (Mr. Kozlov - Deputy Chairman) also participate in the DCC Board of Directors meetings. Mr. Ryskin, First Deputy Chairman of the Uneximbank Board, is currently the Chairman of the DCC Board of Directors. The main goal of DCC is to create a centralized clearing and settlement system that is capable of servicing stock market 'participants with maximum efficiency and reliability, while €;psuring the minimum amount of risks and expenses. Services Provided by Dee

• Clearing and settlement of trades executed by securities market participants. The services include
  ensuring DVP in the event of deposited securities

• Depository custody of clients' securities and maintenance ofdepo-accounts

• Transfer-agent services, including re-registration and confirmation of ownership rights in the
  shareholder registers

• Authorized representation of shareholders in the registers

• Distribution of dividends

• eorporate actions
  Clearing and Settlement
  One of the main services rendered by Dee is the performance of clearing and settlement operations for securities. . The market participant transfers to Dee information on concluded trades, either electronically or through the courier service. Dee then processes the information to make sure that all the trade parameters match. In case of partial matching of trade parameters, Dee informs the involved parties about the discrepancy. Once the trades are processed and matched, D<;e effects the settlements of the securities. MKS has been selected as a settlement bank, and has worked with Dee to develop a DVP settlement procedure. According to this principle simultaiieousmovement of securities in depo￾accounts and money settlements between members are effected (see Appendix 2) . The development of DeC as a central clearing and settlement organization in association with MKS will make it possible to create a settlement system for the Russian securities market based OIl DVP. Settlement-and-Depository System In order to perfoITIl clearing and settlement operations, DCC has uses the automated Settlement￾and-Depository System (SDS) developed by «DIASOFT», one of the leading Russian manufacturers of software for banks, depositories and register holders. SDS was developed to comply with the· government's program for the development of the Russian st~ck market infrastructure and in accordance with the Federal Commission on Securities and the Stock Market (FCSM). DCCemployees and consultants of «Deloitte and Touche» were also active participants in its development. The SDS system makes it possible to receive and process electronic messages in SWIFT format from DCC participants. To verify the authenticity ofthe electronic messages, an electronic signature system certified by the Federal Agency for Government Communications (FAPSI) is used, thus ensuring the necessary level of secrecy and information security. The system also maintains an accounting log to control funds movement on the participants' depo-accounts. The participants, while using either the electronic message system or paper forms, may promptly obtain any information-on the changes to their depo-accounts. The majority of securities market participants are NAUFOR members and users of the Russian Trading System (I3-TS). To help facilitate settlements of trades concluded on RTS, DCC, together with the consultants of Barents Group KPMG, are developing and implementing an interface that enables participants to receive trades from RTS for the further settlement in the Diasoft system. Depository Services DCC has received from the FCSM one of the first licenses for provi~ing depository and custodial services as a clearing and settlement organization. Participants that use DCC as the nominee holder of their securities are provided with a full scope of depository services. At the moment DCC has opened nominee ~ccounts with more than 220 registrars of the most liquid stocks and holds shares in the amount of
  almost I bIn. US dollars for more than 190 companies - participants of DCC system and depo-accounts holders. DCC provides for the safe custody of extracts from the register and certificates of transactions. The DCC system fulfills both the requirements--of the Central Bank P"O"P'i

and international standards of safe keeping. This is necessary for the ability to .exercise shareholder rights. In addition, the DCC provides the following services:

• Distributionafdividends
• Monitoring and, ifnecessary, participation in any corporate actions related to securities
• Exercise ofshareholder rights on behalf of the Client, including participation in the general
  shareholder meeting
  Re-registration Services
  The DCC provides services for the re-registration of securities. This service helps'reduce the re￾registration expenses that arise when there is a transfer of shares of companies with registrars in remote regions. Because DCC provides this service to many market participants, the cost is lower than if the market participants performed the re-registration individually. DCC has become the major provider of these services to market participants, having re-registered about 7,000 buy-sell agreements with total volume of 1.5 bIn. US dollars during the last month which can be estimated as 55-60% of the whole trading volume on Russian market. The number of clients is constantly growing and now is more than 300, including major international and Russian financial institutions. Over the past year, DCC has managed to establish business contacts with registrars of more than 1000 issuers in the Russian stock market. Regular contacts with the issuers and registrars promote strengthening ofrelations, thus bearing fruit in the ability of DCC to act as a nominee~ Confirmation Services Confirmation services consist of visits to the registrar by a DCC representative, on behalf of the Client, to perform a review of the share register in order to confirm the quantity of securities registered in the name: of the Client. Confirmation services are popular particularly with foreign participants, as they enable the foreign participant to maintain continuous contacts with registrars and issuers. Corporate Information Services DCC has developed, and sends to its subscribers, a monthly bulletin of data concerning registrars and documents required by the them for re-registration of ownership. The bulletin containst.:.~ularly updated information on more than 300 issuers whose shares are most actively traded. In addition, information on dividends paid by the issuers and on shareholder meetings is provided monthly to DCC clients. DCC also provides the folloWing information on issuers:
• Plans for enterprise privatization
• Issuer prospectuses
• Data on the financial status of the issuer (balance sheets, profit-and-Ioss statements, other
  financial information)

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• Audit reports
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  ISIN Assignment
  One of the main conditions for the acceptaIwe of Russian securities on the interrtational stock market is the assignment of unique identification ISIN numbers to the securities. ISIN numbers are n .... __ .... L

used for easy identification of securities while'concluding international trades. ISIN assignment is performed by the Westpapier-Mitteilunger international organization located in Frankfurt. DeC is creating a special division that will be responsible for the assignment of ISIN numbers to major issues of Russian securities. On the initiative of DeC, ISIN numbers were assigned to shares of KAMAZ, Komineft, RAO «DES Russia», Tomskneft, Noyabrskneftegaz and others. The Ownership Structure of the Depository Clearing Company The issue of DeC ownership is one of the most serious and important in the process of its development. The ownership structure is to a great extent determined by the. existing institutional market structure, inter.ests of various groups, need for financing, as well as the State policy. " .. . . presupposing representation of social interests (equal access to services, fair competition, healthy market, investor protection, etc.). There are 4 main models of ownership of clearing and settlement organizations. They may be owned by the state, by members of a certain market sector, by members ofvarious market sectors, or by a trading system. Each of the models implies search for a compromise betWeen a) the possibility to balance competing group interests and b) the ability to obtain and maintain long-term financing ofthe organization's activities. As the result of nature of the Russian market and consistent with the desires of various market sectors and infrastructure organizations, the most acceptable and logical model of ownership for DCe seems to be the one where the clearing and settlement organization is owned by the members of various market sectors which are interested in the efficientfunctioning of the organization and the services it provides. DCe ownership represents a good example of the realization of such an approach in practice. Broker/dealer companies hold 44% of DCe shares, Russian banks - 20%, foreign banks/global custodians - II %, and illfrastructure organizations - 25%. According to the DCC charter every member has the same amount of shares (400) except infrastructure organizations which have 4 standard lots of shares (1600). A full list of the DCC shareholders is attached in Appendix 3. Also DeC charter stipulates a special order of formation of the Board of Directors which should include equal representation from the broker/dealer and banking sectors (4 from each), 2 representatives from foreign custodial banks, 1 from infrastructure organizations, 2 fmm government authorities (1 from FCSM and Ifrem the Central Bank), and 2 from the Jllanagement of the company. This well-weighted ~mposition enables the Board to make .compromise decisions suitable for all markefsectors. The full list ofthe DeC Board of Directors is provided in Appendix 4. " DCC Participants and Access to DCC Services For the purposes of managing risks, clearing and settlement organizations tend" to restrict access to their services. Those market
partiCipants who, according to the established standards and financial requirements, are not able to use the organization's services directly, or decide not to use the ") services offered, must have access to the services via members who will act as agents in providing clearing and settlement services. Such relationships presuppose a tiered structure for clearing and settlement systems. The proposed structure of the clearing and settlement system for Russia is outlined in Appendix 1. P.,<TP 7

Three main groups ofpotential DCC direct users may be singled out:

1. The major broker/dealer firms and commercial banks trading securities both on their
   own account and on the instructions of their clients and mainly. responsible for the share turnover in the market.
2. The largest Russian custodial banks which are now just beginning to develop the
   custodian business, and foreign custodial banks keeping the securities of large foreign investors.
3. Regional clearing and settlement organizations providing their services to smaller
   regional broker/dealer firms.
   Trade settlement services will be mostly required for broker/dealer companies because agent trades (trades on the instructions and for the account of clients) account for a fairly large proportion of turnover. Many foreign clients do not currently consider brokers as potential nominee holders of their shares. However, the growth in the number of speculative trades made by brokers for their own account will stimulate the process of depositing their shares in DCC, as it will eliminate re￾registration costs and increase the efficiency ofown-account trading. In aggregate, the top 50 broker/dealers - members ofNAUFOR - provide for more than 90% of all RTS trading volume and, in the first approximation, it would be worth considering them as first priority users of DCC services. However, it is also necessary to take into account tne presence of fairly large market operators, including foreign companies, which are not NAUFOR members but which may be interested in settlement through DCC. ., , Russian custodian banks make up another group of DCC users. In spite of the fact that the I custodian business is just beginning to develop, many of the largest Russian banks see a great future in its development and intend to take an active part in the creation of an infrastructure which will make it possible to efficiently administer securities and corporate actions for their future clients. Amongst these banks are Uneximbank, Vneshtorgbank, Sberbank, Stolichny Bank, Menatep, Rossijsky Kredit, Inkombank etc. and they are recommended to be included in the list of first priority users of DCC services with regard to securities safekeeping for domestic (primarily) and foreign investors. Foreign custodian banks representing the interests of foreign institutional investors in Russia may become the-largest DCC clients. There are already DCC memb~s among such banks (Chase Manhattan, Credit Suisse, Deutsche Morgan Grenfell, ABN Amro). However, the participation of other large International custodians such as Bank of New York, lNG, State Street Bank, Citibank, etc. seems to be important. Risk management in Dee Qne of the most important issues of the functioning oLa clearing and settlement system is risk man~gement. There are two areas where risks must be managed: securities custody and trade settlement. The main risk in securities transfer to DCC nominee name is the risk of unauthorized securities withdrawal from DCC account in the shareholders register. Strict operations rules and procedures including strong internal audit function, which will eliminate securities manipulatIon in DCC nominee holding without-beneficial holders permission, may considerably reduce-this risk. Another

I way to protect DCC users from this risk is purchase of insurance from an internationally respected
0. institution like Lloyd's.
At the moment DCC has gone through risk audit by WBK International" (an official risk auditor of Lloyd's insurance market), whose report was presented to Underwriters to define terms and conditions of DCC insurance. DCC has become the second Russian financial institution (after the National Registry Company) insured by Lloyd's in compliance with international standards. A Leading Underwriter provides DCC with so-called "Depository Comprehensive Crime Insurance" which represents standard "bankers blanket bond" and "computer crime" type of policy and covers all major operational risks ofDCC. Another group of DCC risks relates to clearing and settlement operations. At the 'moment DCC . provides users with a very reliable "trade-by-trade""settlement of trades concluded by them in Russian Trading System and on the aTC market. A settlement scheme is represented in Appendix
2. There is no netting and that is why DCC- does not carry any credit risks of its users. Insurers
provide DCC" with coverage against operational risks of this type of settlement related to computer misfunction and personnel crime. It should be noted that Interbank Credit Union (MKS) which performs function of a settlement bank for DCC has all necessary capabilities to provide fund transfers as a part of DVP settlements as is described in Appendix 2. MKS was founded by 17 major Russian banks (from top 20) for clearing and settlement purposes and has a special license from the Central Bank for providing this type of services. This license allows MKS to use money from its users only for-settlement of trades concluded on organized securities markets (like RTS and MICEX). Central Bank guarantees that money on the users' accounts will not be used for any other purposes and that they can be transferred from the user's main account with MKS only to the user's account in another banle This provides a high level of security for all funds transfers in DCCIMKS settlement based on DVP. An insurance policy covers MKS risks as well. \ ) P"o-P Q

Measures DCC is Undertaking to Develop Depository Services and Increase Investor Confidence in the Corporate Securities Market ofRussia

1. DCC shareholders currently include large Russian and international financial ins~ituti6ns, both
   broker-dealers and banks. DCC will consider several new applicants from both the broker-dealer and banking communities. l:
2. IFC has expressed an interest to provide an unsecured loan to DCC and become a shareholder of
   DCC. IFC has conducted a due diligence investigation of DCC, the results of which have been favorable. The decision of the IFC Investment Committee to provide DCC with a $500,000 loan and $50,000 equity investment has been made at the end of September, 1997. At the moment a term sheet for the investment is being finalized by IFC and the decisiop. of IFC Board ofDirectors is expected by the end ofNovember, 1997.
3. A risk audit of DCC has been completed. by WBK International, a company approved by
   Lloyds, and a report has been forwarded to Lloyds. DCC has signed an agreement with WBK to. assist DCC in the implementation of an internal audit function.
4. After negotiations with Lloyds market insurance brokers and several underwriters agreement has
   been reached with Johnson & Higgins and AIG on issuing Depository Comprehensive Crime Insurance policy. The amount of the insurance is $10 million and covers each and every loss in excess of $1 00 thousand.
5. Discussions have taken place and contacts have been established with representatives from
   DTC, N:SCC, NYSE, DKV and Euroclear. Agreement has been reached to include representatives from these organizations in DCC's international expert advisory council (full list of members is provided in Appendix 5). A memorandum of cooperation has been signed with NSCC to provide DCC with consulting on the development of clearing and settlement services.
6. DCCINAUFOR working· group has been assembled and is currently developing steps to
   organize a system to settle trades concluded in the RTS. The group drafted "Standards for Depository Activities ofNAUFOR Members" adopted by NAUFOR's Board in January 1997 and included in "DCC Depository Standards" which have been approved by Federal Commission on Securities Market.
7. As of February 1, DCC began to provide DVP settlement of trades in the RTS for several most
   liquid stocks. Large broker-dealers have started to deposit their shares on bCC nominee name. At the moment DCC has 185 participants who opened depo-accounts and deposited over 700 mIn. USD in stocks on DCC nominee name. DCC has opened nominee accounts in more than 220 registrars ofthe most liquid stocks.
8. DCC specialists have developed software for remote access to DCC clearing and settlement
   system from broker-dealers' and custodians' back-offices. The software will allow sending of settlement instructions from broker-dealerS and cl.!Stodians to DCC in electronic format using a software ·licensed by the Russian Agency of Government Communications and Information (FAP~I) for encryption and electronic signature. Installation of the software started on April 1. ..An agreement is signed. with the RTS that the RTS will be a subcontractor for installation, ,maintenance and servicing ofthe DCC remote terminals.
9. An agreement has been signed between DCC and National Depository Center (the organization
   formed by MICEX and Central Bank of Russia to provide depository services for government securities) on cooperation and development of a unified centralized system for de~ository and clearing services. Later Russian Trading- System (RTS), Moscow Interbank. Currency Exchange (MICEX) and S.-Petersburg Currency Exchange (SPCEX) joined to the Cooperative Agreement.
10. An agreement has been signed between DCC and Uneximbank on providing clearing services
    by DCC to Uneximbank for trades with shares deposited in Uneximbank.
11. An agreement has been signed between DCC and S.-Petersburg Currency Exchange on
    prov~<Jing depository services by DCC to SPCEX for trades concluded on the exchange. SPCEX 04'),....0 10

has started trading equities at the end of September, 1997. DCC keeps securities of more than 110 members of SPCEX who trade every day with more than 60 stocks.
12. DCC is a Board member of PARTAD and actively participates in the development of specific
strategies to develop the depository business in Russia.
13. Deloitte & Touche has completed an audit of DCC for the year 1996 and has disclosed the
positive audit report to public.
Conclusion
The effective unified mechanism for trading, clearing, settlement and safekeepipg of Russian securities cannot be created without developing an effective centralized clearing and settlement system. The current strategic vision is for DCC to become the core of the central clearing and settlement system for the Russian Federation. In the short term, DCC's mission is to become the clearing and . settlement organization for NAUFOR and the RTS. A unified clearing, settlement and depository system supported by the stock market participants will:

• Decrease risks for the trade participants and investors
• Reduce the time to transfer securities
• Greatly reduce the costs oftransfer
• Increase the liquidity of Russian securities
• Increase volumes on organized trading systems
• Eventually give regional participants a greater chance of competing with the larger
  Moscow members n 11

CSOof
S-Petersburg depo-account depo-account other CSO depo-account depo-account Major broker companies (clearing brokers) depo-account depo-account National Depository & Settlement System Structure 1 level National Depository &

Settlement System

Guarantee Fund

DCC

(central clearing
& settlement organization) depo-account
Clearing Bank
(MKS)
2 level 3 level
Major Custodian
Banks depo-acc6unt depo-account
CSOof
Ekaterinburg depo-account depo-account
CSOof
Vladivostok depo-account depo-account
Brokers
Brokers of Ekat
Regional custodian depo-account
Regional custodian depo-account
Brokers of S-Pet
Regional custodian depo-account other brokers egional custodian depo-account Brokers Registrars Organized Trading Systems (RTS)
Appendix 1.
4 level
Investors
£
Investors
£
Investors

Appendix 2
Settlement scheme for dealer trades executed on RTS between participants of Dee (Delivery versus payment) Shares are deposited on Dee nominee name, money settlement is done through MKS. RTS 3. 4.MT520/522 3 533534 .trade report 5.MT534/51O 9.MTI02 10. 8. .trade report )

'---,'
Appendix 2
Trade settlement cycle of corporate securities i on "Delivery Versus Payment" (DVP) basis (Documents in electronic form) I Day I Time I Buyer I Seller I DCC I MKS T until 18.00 Conclusion oftrades in RTS 18.00 18.30 18.30 19.00 from 19.00 Begin confirming "Settlement . Instructions" and sending them to DCC Receive information from RTS on trades concluded until 18.00 Form "Settlement Instructions" on trades concluded until 18.00 Begin receiving "Settlement Instructions" confirmed by the Participants

1. Match "Settlement Instructions" received from
   the Participants (every 30 minutes)
2. Form "Matched" and "Unmatched Settlement
   Instructions" reports and send them to the
   Participants
   . ; ; ,
   T+l until
   13.00
   Confirm "Settlement
   Instructions" and send them to DCC
   10.00
   13.00 I i
   I
   See note I
   ..
   Transfer funds for matched trades to
   MKS
   .. "
   1• payment order transfer time shall be specified individually for each Participant in compliance with its bank (banks) rules of procedure. I

I
'--_'-:
"~--
I Day I Time [ Buyer I Seller I DCC I MKS
T+3 9.00
11.00
11.00
14.00
Send instructions to
MKS to transfer funds necessary for today's settlements from the main (411) to transit (412) account I 14.00 14.30 15.00 16.00 16.00 16.30 16.30 18.00 18.00 18.30 I 18.30 19.00 e I ! i I . I i
1. Verify funds and securities sufficiency for
trades with the current settlement date and postponed trades from previous dates
2. Block securities for trades with sufficient
amount of shares at Sellers depo-accounts
3. Form "Funds Transfer Instruction" for MKS
Send "Funds Transfer Instruction" to MKS
1. Transfer blocked se'turities from the Sellers'
depo-accounts to the Buyers' depo-accounts
2. Submit reports on the results of the current day
settlements to the Participants
1. Receive and process a statement of
funds received on 163 corr~spondent account of MKS with the Central Bank division in Moscow
2. Distribute funds to the main (411)
Participants' accounts and make up account statements Block Participants' transit (412) accounts and send "Blocked Funds Report" to DCC
1. Transfer funds according to the
DCC "Funds Transfer Instruction"
2. Form "Funds Settlement
Confirmation" for DCC
Send "Funds Settlement Confirmation" toDCC
'"

Appendix 3
Dee Shareholders
Company Business profile Number of shares
Paid in capital
(US dollars)
% in capital
11
11
3 I e 3 - 3 e 3
. 3
3
100
1 NAUFOR Infrastructure 1600 200,000
2MKS Infrastructure 1600 200,000
3 Cash Union Infrastructure 400 50,000
4 Aktiv Broker/dealer 400 . 50,000
5 Analyze Broker/dealer 400 50,000
6 Aton Broker/dealer 400 50,000
7 Brunswick Broker/dealer 400 50,000
8 Capital Regent Securities Broker/dealer 400 50,000 9 Center Invest Securities Broker/dealer 400 50,000 10 Creditansta1t-Grant Broker/dealer 400 50,000 11 CS First Boston· Broker/dealer 400 50,000 12 MegatrustoiI Broker/dealer 400 50,000 13 MFK-Moscow Partners Broker/dealer 400 50,000 14 Olma Broker/dealer 400 50,000 15 Rai, Man and Gor Securities Broker/dealer 400 50,000 16 Renaissance Capital Broker/dealer 400 50,000 17 Rinaco Plus Broker/dealer 400 50,000 18 Russian Brokerage House C.A. Broker/dealer 400 50,000 19 Troika Dialog Broker/dealer 400 50,000 20 United Financial Group Broker/dealer 400 50,000 21 International Moscow Bank Bank 400 50,000 22 Olympiysky Bank 400 50,00Q 23 Sberbank Bank 400 50,000 24 Tveruniversalbank Bank 400 50,000 25 Uneximbank Bank 400 50,000 26 Vneshtorgbank Bank 400 50,000 27 Zerich Bank 400 50,000 28 ABNAmro Global custodian 400 50,000 29 Chase Manhattan Bank G1obaLcustodian 400 50,000 30 Credit Suisse Global custodian 400 50,000 31 Deutsche Morgan Grenfell Global custodian 400 50,000 Total 14,800 1,850,000 \ /

... I
Appendix 4
Dee Board of Directors
I. Uneximbank
2. Vneshtorgbank
3. Sberbank
4. Renaissance Capital
5. Chase Manhattan Bank
6. Credit Suisse First Boston
7. Troika-Dialog
8. Creditanstalt-Grant
9. Rinaco PI.Js
10. Brunswick-Waburg
II. Federal Commission on Securities Market (FCSM)
12. Central Bank of Russia
13. Russian Trading System (RTS)
14. President ofDCC
15. 1st Vice President ofDCC

Appendix 5
DCC Expert Council
1. Richard Bernard - Executive Vice President & General Counsel, NYSE
2. Dennis Earle - Managing Director, NSCCIDTC
3. Rudiger von Rosen - Director, Deutsches Aktieninstitut
4. Claudia Morgenstern - Principal Investment Officer, IFC
5. Ester Saverson - Assistant Director, Office ofInternational Affairs, US SEC
6. Keith Seibert - Vice President, Morgan Stanley (New York)
7. Andrew Bond - Vice President, Global Investor Services, Chase Manhattan Bank (London)
8. Bruce Lawrence - Managing Director, H.B.L. Consultancy Services (London)
9. Sophie Pompea - Director of Project Development, EMTA (Emerging Markets Traders
Association)
10. Wim Claeys - Vice President, Euroclear (Brussels)
11. Jonathan Bulkley - Managing Director, Barents Group KPMG
12. Bertram Lewis - Project Director, Arthur Andersen Consulting
13. Andrei Kozlov - Deputy Chairman, Central Bank of Russia
14. Ivan Tyryshkin - Head of Department, Federal Commission on Securities Market
IS. Peter Rylko - Chairman, NAUFOR Financial Operational Committee
16. Mikhail Alekseev - Deputy Chairman of the Board, Uneximbank
17. Dmitry Mozgin - Head ofCustody, Vneshtorgbank
. \
)
/

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-

Appendix 6
DCC ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
Human Resources -
Compliance - Internal Audit
Legal Department f￾Security I--
Accounting President - Office
-' Financial Director
1st Vice President
I I
Vice PresidentlDevelopment I ITechnical Director I I Marketing and PR Department Clients Relations Department New Projects Department Software Development Department IT Department Corporate Information Secretariat Division '" Registrars Relations Research and Sales Department Department Analytic Department Vice President/Operations with Registrars I Vice President/Custody I I Operations Department Agents Department I Transfer.Agent Department I Custody I I Clearing & Settlement I Archive I Office Management