Individual decision · SEC · 19 Jun 2017
The SEC Division of Investment Management staff confirmed that it would not recommend enforcement action against NWQ Investment Management Company, LLC for continuing to serve as investment sub-adviser to two Nuveen Funds beyond the 150-day interim period permitted by Rule 15a-4. This relief applies because shareholder approval for the new sub-advisory agreements was not obtained by the expiration date due to failure to reach a quorum. The extension is conditioned on NWQ serving under the existing interim agreements without material changes and Nuveen Fund Advisors waiving advisory fees equal to the sub-advisory fees payable to NWQ.
Investment Company Act of 1940 — Section 15(a) Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC
June 20, 2017
Response of the Chief Counsel's Office Division of Investment Management
Your letter dated June 19, 2017 requests our assurance that we would not recommend enforcement action to the Commission against NWQ Investment Management Company, LLC (�NWQ�) under Section 15(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the �1940 Act�) if, under the circumstances described in your letter, NWQ continued to serve as investment adviser to certain series of the Nuveen Investment Trust and Nuveen Investment Trust II (the �Trusts�) pursuant to written investment sub-advisory agreements that were not approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of such series. [1]
Background
You state the following:
Nuveen Tradewinds Value Opportunities Fund and Nuveen Tradewinds Global All-Cap Fund (the �Funds�) are series of the Trusts. The Trusts are registered with the Commission as open-end management investment companies. Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC (�Nuveen Fund Advisors�) serves as investment adviser to the Funds. [2] Prior to August 1, 2016, Tradewinds Global Investors, LLC (�Tradewinds�) served as sub-adviser to the Funds. Nuveen Investments, Inc. (�Nuveen�) owns a controlling interest in Nuveen Fund Advisors, Tradewinds, and NWQ.
In May 2016, Nuveen decided to wind up operations at Tradewinds due in large part to significant asset outflows that commenced following the departure of Tradewinds� President and Chief Investment Officer and persisted thereafter. As part of a transition plan, at an in-person meeting held in the same month, the Trusts� Board of Trustees (the �Board�) approved the termination of each Fund�s sub-advisory agreement with Tradewinds, effective as of August 1, 2016. As of the same date, the Board also appointed NWQ as sub-adviser to the Funds, pursuant to interim investment sub-advisory agreements (each, an �Interim Sub-Advisory Agreement�) as permitted by Rule 15a-4 under the 1940 Act. Each Interim Sub-Advisory Agreement was scheduled to terminate no later than December 29, 2016 (the �Expiration Date�), thus providing for the longest interim period permitted under the rule.
Also at the May 2016 meeting, the Board considered various long-term alternatives, including liquidation of the Funds, and determined that the Funds� reorganization into Nuveen NWQ Global Equity Income Fund (each, a �Reorganization�) was in the best interests of each Fund. [3] In the event a Fund�s Reorganization was not approved by shareholders and consummated prior to the Expiration Date, the Board also approved the longer-term appointment of NWQ as the sub-adviser to each Fund pursuant to a new sub-advisory agreement (each, a �New Sub-Advisory Agreement�).
With a joint proxy statement/prospectus dated September 23, 2016, each Fund solicited shareholders to approve (1) its Reorganization and (2) the New Sub-Advisory Agreement (each, a �Proposal�). After the joint proxy statement/prospectus was mailed, Nuveen Fund Advisors and the Funds actively solicited votes through direct mailings and the use of an experienced and well-respected proxy solicitor in an effort to achieve a quorum for each Fund.
As of November 8, 2016, an overwhelming majority of the votes received by the Funds� shareholders were cast in favor of both Proposals. Nuveen Fund Advisors, however, believed that, despite all the efforts made, there was a high probability that neither Fund would receive the number of votes necessary to reach a quorum by the Expiration Date. [4]
Accordingly, as of November 29, 2016, you requested assurance that we would not recommend enforcement action against NWQ under Section 15(a) of the 1940 Act if NWQ continued to serve as sub-adviser to the Funds for the Additional Period (as described below) pursuant to written investment sub-advisory agreements that had not been approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Funds.
Analysis
Section 15(a) of the 1940 Act states, in relevant part, that it shall be unlawful for a person to serve as an investment adviser of a registered investment company, except pursuant to a written contract that, among other things, has been approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of such registered investment company. [5] Section 15(a) was adopted to give fund shareholders a voice in approving fund investment advisory contracts and to prevent trafficking in fund advisory contracts. [6]
Rule 15a-4 under the 1940 Act provides a temporary exemption from the shareholder approval requirement in Section 15(a) where, among other circumstances, the registered investment company�s board of directors has terminated the previous advisory contract. The rule permits a person to act as an investment adviser to a registered investment company under an interim advisory agreement without the required shareholder approval for a period no greater than 150 days following the date on which the previous contract terminated subject to the requirements set forth in the rule. Rule 15a-4 was designed to prevent registered investment companies from being harmed by losing investment advisory services before shareholders can approve a new investment advisory contract. [7]
You proposed to have NWQ continue to serve as investment sub-adviser to each Fund for an additional period of time following the interim period allowed by Rule 15a-4, but not to exceed the earliest of: (i) the consummation of the Reorganization; (ii) shareholder approval of the Fund�s New Sub-Advisory Agreement; or (iii) 60 days after the Expiration Date (the �Additional Period�). [8]
Nuveen Fund Advisors and the Trusts believed that extending the term of the Interim Sub-Advisory Agreements was in the best interests of the Funds, and the Board approved such extension. Without such an extension, you argue that it may have been necessary to liquidate the Funds. [9]
As conditions to the requested relief, the Funds and Nuveen Fund Advisors agreed to the following during the Additional Period:
Nuveen Fund Advisors and the Funds, with the assistance of their proxy solicitor, would continue their proxy solicitation efforts to seek to reach a quorum. Nuveen Fund Advisors would bear all postage, printing, tabulation and proxy solicitation costs during the Additional Period.
Nuveen Fund Advisors would waive the portion of each Fund�s investment advisory fee in an amount equal to the amount of the sub-advisory fee that would have been payable by Nuveen Fund Advisors to NWQ under the original terms of the Interim Sub-Advisory Agreement.
Other than changes to reflect the relief granted, the terms and conditions of the Interim Sub-Advisory Agreements would remain the same.
Conclusion
On the basis of the facts and representations set forth in your letter, we would not recommend enforcement action to the Commission against NWQ under Section 15(a) of the 1940 Act for continuing to serve as investment adviser to each Fund for the Additional Period pursuant to written investment sub-advisory agreements that were not approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.
This response expresses our views on enforcement action only and does not express any legal conclusions on the questions presented. Because our position is based on the facts and representations in your letter, you should note that any different facts or representations may require a different conclusion.
Jill Ehrlich Senior Counsel
[1] This letter confirms oral no-action relief that the staff provided to Deborah Bielicke Eades, Esq., of VedderPrice P.C. on November 29, 2016.
[2] Nuveen Fund Advisors� investment advisory agreements with the Funds comply in all respects with Section 15(a) of the 1940 Act, including having been approved by a vote of a majority of the Funds� outstanding voting securities.
[3] Nuveen Fund Advisors and NWQ serve as the investment adviser and investment sub-adviser, respectively, of Nuveen NWQ Global Equity Income Fund.
[4] In particular, you state that several factors likely contributed to the failure to reach a quorum, including: (1) the level of redemptions since the record date for the shareholder meeting; (2) a higher than typical percentage of each Fund�s shares represented by objecting beneficial owners as of the record date; and (3) each Fund�s shareholder base was more dispersed than is typical.
[5] Section 15(a) applies to investment advisers as defined in Section 2(a)(20)(A) and (B) of the 1940 Act, which includes both primary advisers and sub-advisers.
[6]
See Hearings on S. 3580 Before the Subcomm. of the Senate Comm. on Banking and Currency, 76th Cong., 3d. Sess. 253 (1940) (statement of David Schenker). See also Temporary Exemption for Certain Investment Advisers, Investment Company Act Release No. 24177 at n.4 (Nov. 29, 1999) (�Adopting Release�).
[7]
See Adopting Release at n.6 and accompanying text.
[8] At a shareholder meeting held on December 29, 2016, Nuveen Tradewinds Global All-Cap Fund achieved a quorum and shareholders approved the New Sub-Advisory Agreement. At a shareholder meeting held on January 26, 2017, Nuveen Tradewinds Value Opportunities Fund achieved a quorum and shareholders approved the New Sub-Advisory Agreement.
[9] You represent that Nuveen Fund Advisors does not have the requisite infrastructure in place to manage the Funds� portfolios directly, and it would have been impracticable to establish such infrastructure prior to the Expiration Date.
Incoming Letter
The Incoming Letter is in Acrobat format.
http://www.sec.gov/divisions/investment/noaction/2017/nuveen-fund-advisors-15a-062017.htm
Chicago VedderPrice New York
Washington, DC
London
San Francisco
Los Angeles
Singapore
Deborah Bielic ke Eades
S ha re hold er
Chief Counsel's Office
Global Investors, LLC ("Tradewinds") served as sub-adviser to the Funds. Nuveen Investments, Inc.
("Nuveen") owns a controlling interest in Tradewinds and Nuveen Fund Advisors.
In May 2016, Nuveen made the decision to wind up operations at Tradewinds due in large part to significant asset outflows that commenced following the departure of the President and Chief Investment Officer of Tradewinds in 2012 and persisted thereafter. Once the decision was made to wind up operations at Tradewinds, Nuveen Fund Advisors believed it was in the best interests of the Funds to promptly execute a transition plan due to concerns regarding attrit ion of investment and other personnel at Tradewinds. Accordingly, Nuveen Fund Advisors recommended and , at an in-person meeting held in May 2016, the Board of Trustees of the Trusts ("Board of Trustees" or the "Board") approved the termination of each Fund's sub-advisory agreement with Tradewinds, effective as of August 1, 2016 (the "Effective Date"). The Board of Trustees, including the Trustees who are not "interested persons" of the Trust as defined by the 1940 Act (the "Independent Trustees"), appointed NWQ as sub-adviser as of the Effective Date, pursuant to an interim investment sub-advisory agreement with respect to each Fund (each, an "Interim Sub-Advisory Agreement"), as permitted by Rule 15a-4 under the 1940 Ace. The Interim Sub-Advisory Agreements contained substantially the same general terms and conditions as the original sub-advisory agreements with Tradewinds except for their term. Pursuant to Rule 15a-4, each Interim Sub-Advisory Agreement was scheduled to terminate no later than 150 calendar days after the Effective Date. Accordingly, each Interim Sub-Advisory Agreement was scheduled to expire no later than December 29, 2016 (the "Expiration Date"). Nuveen owns a controlling interest in NWQ. At the May 2016 meeting , the Board of Trustees, after considering various long-term alternatives including liquidation of the Funds, determined that a reorganization of each Fund into Nuveen NWQ Global Equity Income Fund (each, a "Reorganization") was in the best interests of each Fund. Nuveen Fund Advisors and NWQ serve as the investment adviser and investment sub-adviser, respectively, of Nuveen NWQ Global Equity Income Fund. In the event a Fund's Reorganization was not approved by shareholders and consummated prior to the expiration of the Fund's Interim Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Board, including the Independent Trustees, also approved the longer-term appointment of NWQ as the sub-adviser to each Fund pursuant to new sub-advisory agreements between Nuveen Fund Advisors and NWQ (each , a "New Sub-Advisory Agreement"). Each Fund solicited shareholders to approve (1) its Reorganization, and (2) its New Sub-Advisory Agreement (each, a "Proposal"), pursuant to a joint proxy statement/prospectus dated September 23, 2016. As of November 29 , 2016, the Funds' proxy solicitation efforts had not resulted in either Fund reaching the quorum4 required for its shareholders to vote on the Proposals. 5 3 Rule 15a-4(b)(1) (as opposed to Rule 15a-4(b)(2)) applies to each Interim Sub-Advisory
Agreement because the original sub-advisory agreements with Tradewinds were terminated by the Board of Trustees due to the decision to wind up the operations of Tradewinds. There was no assignment of the contract in a transaction in which Tradewinds or its controlling persons received money or other benefit. 4 A majority of each Fund's outstanding voting securities is required for a quorum. 5 The Funds' November 8, 2016 joint special meeting of shareholders was adjourned to allow for additional solicitation. At the adjourned meeting held on December 29, 2016, Nuveen Tradewinds Global All-Cap Fu nd a chieved a quorum and
Chief Counsel's Office
II. Relevant Law
Section 15(a) of the 1940 Act prohibits any person from serving as an investment adviser to a
registered fund except under a written contract that has been approved by a majority of the fund 's outstanding voting securities. 6 To prevent funds from being harmed by losing investment advisory services before shareholders can approve a new contract, the Commission in 1980 adopted Rule 15a-4 under the 1940 Act, which provides a temporary exemption from the requirement that a fund's shareholders approve its advisory contract _? Rule 15a-4 under the 1940 Act provides that, notwithstanding Section 15( a) of the 1940 Act, a person may act as investment adviser for a fund under an interim contract after the termination of a previous contract as provided by the rule . The rule 's adopting release in 1980 recognized numerous comments regarding the time required to secure shareholders' approval of a successor advisory contract as it relates to the occurrence of unforeseeable events during the solicitation process and in light of the increasing difficulty in getting shareholders to respond to proxy solicitations. 8 The rule was amended in 1999 to extend the maximum duration of an interim contract from 120 days to 150 days "in order to provide additional time to solicit proxies and obtain a quorum of voting shareholders."9 The adopting release of the 1999 rule amendment states that, in the Commission's experience, funds generally have not needed more than 150 days for an interim contract. However, the Staff has granted no-action relief in certain situations in which shareholder approval was not obtained within the 150-day term currently allowed by Rule 15a-4 for interim investment advisory contracts. 10
Ill. Rationale for Request
Due to the critical timing of executing the wind-up of Tradewinds , it was not practical for the termination of each Fund's sub-advisory agreement with Tradewinds and the appointment of NWQ under the Interim Sub-Advisory Agreement to be conditioned on approval of either Proposal by shareholders of the Fund. As a result, the Board of Trustees determined it was necessary to rely on Rule 15a-4 and appoint NWQ as sub-adviser to each Fund pursuant to the Interim Sub-Advisory Agreements, thereby enabling the Funds to continue to operate normally and without interruption in portfolio management. shareholders approved the New Sub-Advisory Agreement. At the adjourned meeting held on Jan uary 26,2017, Nuveen Tradewinds Value Opportunities Fund achieved a quorum and shareholders approved the New Sub-Advisory Agreement. For each Fund, NWQ's service as sub-adviser under the Interim Sub-Advisory Agreement ceased as of the date shareholders approved the New Sub-Advisory Agreement. Shareholders of each Fund also approved the Reorganization Proposal for their Fund at a s ubsequent adjournment of the special meeting. 6 15 U.S.C. § 80a-15(a) . 7 Investment Company Act Release No. 24177 (Nov. 29, 1999)(adopting amendments to Rule 15a-4). 8 Investment Company Act Release No. 11005 (Jan. 2, 1980)(adopting Rule 15a-4). 9 1nvestment Company Act Release No. 24177 (Nov. 29, 1999)(adopting amendments to Rule 15a-4). 10 See Claymore Advisors, LLC (publicly available Apr. 27, 2010) (relief granted to allow for add itional time to solicit shareholders when funds were unable to achieve a quorum within 150 days); see also Mellon Equity Associates, LLP (publicly available Apr. 1, 2005)(relief granted to allow a fund to enter into a second interim advisory agreement with an adviser after an initial interim agreement with a different adviser had expired).
Chief Counsel's Office
Following the appointment of NWQ as sub-adviser of the Funds, Nuveen Fund Advisors and the Funds made extraordinary efforts to enable a shareholder meeting to be held at which shareholders of each Fund could vote on the Proposals . Since the joint proxy statemenUprospectus was mailed, Nuveen Fund Advisors and the Funds actively solicited votes through direct mailings and the use of an experienced and well-respected proxy solicitor, Computershare Fund Services ("Computershare"), in an effort to achieve a quorum for each Fund. In addition to the efforts of Computershare, Nuveen Fund Advisors (1) sent multiple reminder mailings, (2) sent overnight mailings to large shareholders, and (3) conducted a telephone campaign to intermediaries to encourage them to reach out to their clients (i.e., "objecting beneficial owners") and to encourage such clients to vote. As of the original shareholder meeting date on November 8, 2016, an overwhelming majority of the votes received by the Funds' shareholders were cast in favor of both Proposals. With respect to Nuveen Tradewinds Value Opportunities Fund, 90.09% of votes cast were in favor of the Reorganization and 90.71% were in favor of the New Sub-Advisory Agreement. With respect to Nuveen Tradewinds Global All-Cap Fund, 88.35% of votes cast were in favor of the Reorganization and 88.06% were in favor of the New SubAdvisory Agreement. As stated above, as of November 29, 2016, the Funds' proxy solicitation efforts had not resulted in either Fund reaching the quorum required for its shareholders to vote on the Proposals. Nuveen Fund Advisors believes that several factors likely contributed to the failure to reach a quorum, including:
Chief Counsel's Office
June 19, 201 7
Furthermore, a dispersed shareholder base means that a larger number of shareholders must participate in order to achieve a quorum. Each Fund adjourned its shareholder meeting in order to continue the proxy solicitation effort through the Expiration Date. Nuveen Fund Advisors believed that, despite all the efforts made, there was a high probability that the Funds would not receive the number of votes necessary to reach a quorum by the Expiration Date. Absent the pending Expiration Date of the Interim Sub-Advisory Agreements, the Funds would have additional time under applicable corporate law to continue their solicitation efforts. Nuveen Fund Advisors and the Trusts believed that extending the term of the Interim Sub-Advisory Agreements and continuing to solicit shareholders on the Proposals was in the best interests of the Funds. As of November 29, 2016, in light of the extensive proxy solicitation efforts, Nuveen Fund Advisors and the Trusts believed that they would likely be effective in achieving a quorum for the Funds if solicitation could continue for up to 60 days after the Expiration Date (the resulting extension being the "Additional Period") . Upon the granting of the requested relief, Nuveen Fund Advisors and NWQ agreed to extend the term of the Interim SubAdvisory Agreements for the Additional Period as described below. At a meeting held on November 14-16, 2016, the Board of Trustees approved extending the term of the Interim Sub-Advisory Agreements in accordance with the relief requested herein. Without such extension, the Funds' opportunity to achieve a quorum and afford its shareholders a vote on the Proposals would have been foreclosed . With respect to each Fund , if a quorum was not achieved and at least one of the Proposals was not approved by shareholders prior to the Expiration Date, NWQ would not have been able to continue to provide investment advisory services to the Fund, absent relief. Because Nuveen Fund Advisors is structured to select and monitor sub-advisers, it does not have the requisite infrastructure in place to manage the portfolio directly, and it would have been impracticable to establish such infrastructure prior to the Expiration Date. Additionally, it would not have been possible for the Funds to either (i) re-solicit shareholders with respect to either or both of the Proposals under a new proxy statement, or (ii) obtain shareholder approval of an investment sub-advisory agreement with another party prior to the Expiration Date. As a result , if a quorum was not achieved and at least one of the Proposals approved by shareholders with respect to a Fund prior to the Expiration Date, the Fund would have been forced to liquidate. 14 As discussed in the proxy statement, Nuveen Fund Advisors and the Funds did not believe that liquidation would have been in the best interests of the Funds. 15 Additionally, as noted above, shareholder voting had been strongly in favor of each Proposal as of the last shareholder
meeting date prior to the oral no-action relief provided by the Staff. In addition to the foregoing representations, the Funds and Nuveen Fund Advisors have further represented to the Staff as conditions to the relief requested :
Chief Counsel's Office respect to the Fund , (ii) shareholder approval of the Fund's New Sub-Advisory Agreement, or (iii) sixty (60) days after the Expiration Date.
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“Each of the Trusts is registered as an open-end management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act")”
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